Table 2.

Characteristics Associated with Reporting Methamphetamine Injection at Treatment Admission among Primary Methamphetamine Treatment Admissions in 2019

	Unadjusted Prevalence of Methamphetamine Injection*	Adjusted Odds Ratio aOR (95% CI)
Sex
Female	27.7%	Ref
Male	28.5%	1.13 (1.10–1.15)
Age
12–17	12.0%	0.32 (0.27–0.38)
18–24	29.3%	Ref
25–34	31.3%	1.23 (1.19–1.28)
35–44	28.2%	1.12 (1.08–1.17)
45–54	21.6%	0.88 (0.84–0.93)
55 or older	16.3%	0.69 (0.64–0.74)
Race/Ethnicity
White, NH	32.8%	Ref
Black, NH	16.0%	0.49 (0.46–0.52)
American Indian/Alaska Native, NH	34.8%	1.00 (0.93–1.06)
Asian/Pacific Islander, NH	12.4%	0.38 (0.34–0.43)
Other, NH	24.4%	0.79 (0.74–0.85)
Hispanic	15.0%	0.53 (0.51–0.55)
Census Region
Northeast	37.3%	Ref
Midwest	34.3%	1.03 (0.73–1.46)
South	34.3%	1.19 (0.85–1.66)
West	19.0%	0.92 (0.65–1.32)
Living Status
Independent	26.5%	Ref
Dependent	31.0%	1.33 (1.29–1.37)
Homeless	30.8%	1.58 (1.54–1.63)
Employment Status
Full-time	22.7%	Ref
Part-time	22.5%	1.08 (1.02–1.14)
Unemployed	31.9%	1.39 (1.34–1.44)
Not in Labor Force	26.6%	1.43 (1.37–1.49)
Age First Use of Methamphetamine
14 or younger	31.8%	Ref
15–17	30.7%	0.84 (0.81–0.87)
18–20	28.8%	0.72 (0.70–0.76)
21–24	28.0%	0.68 (0.65–0.71)
25 or older	23.9%	0.55 (0.53–0.57)
Prior treatment admissions
None	21.3%	Ref
One	30.5%	1.19 (1.15–1.23)
Two	32.2%	1.34 (1.29–1.40)
Three	36.5%	1.61 (1.53–1.69)
Four or more	41.1%	1.94 (1.87–2.01)
Other Substances Reported At Admission
Alcohol	27.5%	1.00 (0.97–1.03)
Marijuana	28.6%	0.97 (0.95–0.99)
Cocaine	31.2%	1.10 (1.05–1.16)
Heroin	56.0%	3.52 (3.40–3.66)
Prescription Opioids	44.8%	1.61 (1.54–1.67)
Benzodiazepines	43.7%	1.42 (1.32–1.52)

^*among primary methamphetamine admissions

NH=Non-Hispanic

Bold text indicates statistically significant result