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. 2022 Dec 30;10(6):e003032. doi: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2022-003032

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© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2023. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

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Time to first treatment adjustment. (A) Kaplan-Meier curve by baseline OADs. (B) Cox regression analysis by baseline variables. As for continuous variables, HR is for a 1-unit increase in the value. ^†Calculated using the log-rank (Mantel-Cox) test. BMI, body mass index; CVD, cardiovascular disease; DPP-4i, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor; EQ-5D-5L, EuroQol five-dimensional five-level; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; OAD, oral antidiabetic drug; SDSCA, Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities; SGLT2i, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus. Most common comorbidities were liver disease, CVD, atrial fibrillation, chronic kidney disease and peptic ulcer disease, excluding those categorized as diabetes complications, CVD, dyslipidemia and hypertension. Employed included full-time and part-time employees, and unemployed included students, homemakers and retired employees.