Table 1.
Quality assessment of the publications using the QUADAS-2 format
| Study | Risk of Bias | Applicability concerns | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patient Selection | Index Test | Reference Standard | Flow and Timing | Patient Selection | Index Test | Reference Standard | |
| Kamal et al. 32 | Low | High | High | Low | Low | High | High |
| Luczynska et al. 33 | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
| Petrillo et al. 34 | Low | Low | Low | High | Low | Low | Low |
| Wang et al. 35 | Low | High | Low | Low | Low | High | Low |
| Xing et al. 36 | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
| Yasin & El Ghany 37 | High | High | Low | Low | High | High | Low |