Table 1.

Glossary of Terms and Abbreviations

AA: African-American

AIM-CCI: Alliance for Innovation on Maternal health Community Care Initiative (AIM-CCI) is an effort by the National Healthy Start Association, supported by the U.S. Health Resources and Services Administration, to develop and implement non-hospital, community care maternal safety bundles. CDC: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Community health workers: trained, often race-concordant, peers who are employed to provide health education, support, and advocacy. As trusted members of the community, they facilitate access to services and improve the quality and cultural competence of service delivery. COVID-19: Coronavirus Disease 2019

Difference-in-differences (DiD): quasi-experimental approach to estimate intervention effects by comparing changes over time in intervention vs. control group.

ED: emergency department

Enhanced prenatal and postnatal care (EPC): targets improved birth outcomes through home visiting, care coordination, education, and support. In Michigan, the two primary EPC providers are:  Maternal Infant Health Program (MIHP): home visitation program for Medicaid eligible women and infants in Michigan  Healthy Start is a federal program dedicated to reducing disparities in maternal and infant health in high risk communities

ICD-10: International Statistical Classification of Diseases74

MDHHS Health Services Data Warehouse: administrative linked dataset maintained by MDHHS, including vital records, Medicaid claims, and other data

Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS): State of Michigan Department that oversees health policy, population health, and provides public assistance and child/family welfare

MIRACLE: Maternal Health Multilevel Intervention for Racial Equity

NHW: Non-Hispanic white

Non-severe maternal morbidity (NSMM): any health condition attributed to or complicating pregnancy or childbirth that have a negative impact on the woman’s well-being and functioning (e.g., gestational hypertension, obstetric complications, infections, endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases, mental disorders).61–63

Propensity score methods: statistical method to estimate intervention effects in the absence of randomization RE-AIM: reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, maintenance

Severe maternal morbidity (SMM): unexpected outcomes of labor and delivery that result in significant short- or long-term consequences to a woman’s health (e.g., eclampsia).