Table 1.

Comparisons in PSF, PAF, and IQ Scores

Between-groups pairwise comparisons		Within-patient statisticsa
Dependent variable	Contrasts	Statistic F (3,789)	P-value
IQ	C = H > I = D > L	221.7	2.5−10
PAF < 12	H > C = D > I > L	316.2	8.81−12
PAF12-16	C > H > I > D > L	121.1	1.5−64
PSF < 12	C = D > L > H = I	18.7	8.91−13
PSF12-16	C > H = I = D = L	3.2	.021

C = CONTROLS; H = HIGH-COGNITIVE-FUNCTIONING; I = INTERMEDIATE; D = DETERIORATING; L = LOW-COGNITIVE-FUNCTIONING

Accounting for sex, age, country, and self-ascribed ethnicity.

^aStatistics are relative to within-patient comparisons by assuming the high-cognitive-functioning group as the baseline category.