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. 2022 Oct 6;49(1):11–23. doi: 10.1093/schbul/sbac138

Table 2.

Relative Risks (RR), Heterogeneity (I2), Number of Studies (n), and P-Values After Stratification of Cohorts for Various Variables

Variable Cohort Name: Total Group of Studies Dose Reduction Group Discontinuation (Stop) Group
Pools n RR (95%CI) I 2 (%) P n RR (95%CI) I 2 (%) P n RR (95% CI) I 2 (%) P
Reduction Characteristics Medication Discontinued 25 2.63 (2.14 to 3.22) 5 .034 na na
Dose reduced 27 1.78 (1.32 to 2.39) 42
End-dose 3mg divide 0 mg 25 2.63 (2.14 to 3.22) 5 .000 na na
0–3 mg 10 2.90 (1.90 to 4.44) 38 10 2.90 (1.90 to 4.44) 38 .000
3 mg+ 14 1.16 (0.90 to 1.50) 0 14 1.16 (0.90 to 1.50) 0
End-dose 5mg divide 0 mg 25 2.63 (2.14 to 3.22) 5 .000 na na
0–5 mg 14 2.22 (1.46 to 3.39 46 14 2.22 (1.46 to 3.39) 46 .016
5 mg+ 10 1.20 (0.91 to 1.58) 0 10 1.20 (0.91 to 1.58) 0
Dose reduction style Abrupt 17 2.42 (1.94 to 3.01) 0 .353 15 2.23 (1.75 to 2.85) 0 .093
Gradual 35 2.05 (1.56 to 2.68) 44 11 3.27 (2.25 to 4.73) 15
Duration of dose reduction 0 week 17 2.42 (1.94 to 3.01) 0 .022 19 1.94 (1.33 to 2.84)# 52 .066 15 2.32 (1.75 to 2.85) 0 .099
1–10 weeks 26 2.28 (1.64 to 3.17) 52 9 3.34 (2.21 to 5.05) 25
>10 weeks 6 1.02 (0.58 to 1.81) 0 6 1.02 (0.58 to 1.81) 0
Patient ­Characteristics Age 0–42 years 24 2.32 (1.72 to 3.14) 56 .303 16 1.85 (1.28 to 2.67) 54 .577 8 3.37 (2.25 to 5.04) 28 .042
>42 years 22 1.90 (1.50 to 2.41) 0 9 1.54 (0.90 to 2.61) 13 13 2.04 (1.55 to 2.68) 0
Male ­percentage 0–49% 8 2.37 (1.64 to 3.44) 0 .016 4 2.12 (1.20 to 3.74) 0 .199
50–99% 29 1.84 (1.42 to 2.38) 44 10 2.75 (1.92 to 3.95) 37
100% 10 4.26 (2.54 to 7.15) 0 7 4.45 (2.45 to 8.07) 0
Patient setting Inpatients 25 2.58 (1.88 to 3.54) 41 .262 10 2.14 (1.20 to 3.82) 56 .401 15 2.72 (1.93 to 3.84) 16 .425
Outpatients 22 1.98 (1.41 to 2.77) 41 15 1.59 (1.08 to 2.35) 42 7 3.50 (2.09 to 5.88) 4
Duration of Illness 0–10 years 9 2.14 (1.03 to 4.45) 66 .199 8 1.79 (0.85 to 3.75) 64 .592 11 2.79 (2.13 to 3.65)# 0 .038
11–15 years 14 2.07 (1.53 to 2.81) 21 4 1.15 (0.72 to 1.83) 0
15+ years 13 1.50 (1.20 to 1.88) 0 8 1.22 (0.88 to 1.69) 0 5 1.80 (1.32 to 2.46) 0
Method of ­administration Oral 30 2.48 (2.01 to 3.07) 4 .282 15 2.39 (1.74 to 3.27) 7 .046 8 3.00 (2.10 to 4.29) 8 .647
LAI 19 1.97 (1.38 to 2.83) 58 11 1.39 (0.91 to 2.13) 47 15 2.68 (1.96 to 3.67) 10
Study ­Characteristics Follow-up 16 0–16 weeks 16 2.80 (1.54 to 5.10) 46 .433 5 0.87 (0.36 to 2.12) 31 .090 11 4.68 (2.76 to 7.94) 0 .016
>16 weeks 36 2.18 (1.79 to 2.70) 31 22 1.97 (1.45 to 2.67) 41 14 2.34 (1.92 to 2.86) 0
Follow-up 26 0–26 weeks 28 2.70 (1.98 to 3.70) 22 .152 11 1.78 (0.99 to 3.19) 48 .925 17 3.39 (2.35 to 4.88) 0 .145
>26 weeks 24 2.02 (1.59 to 2.58) 42 16 1.72 (1.23 to 2.41) 36 8 2.40 (1.80 to 3.20) 28
Blind Yes 41 2.21 (1.74 to 2.79) 42 .475 21 1.67 (1.15 to 2.41) 51 .242 20 2.50 (2.04 to 3.06) 38 .462
No 11 2.56 (1.85 to 3.53) 0 6 2.34 (1.52 to 3.63) 0 5 3.30 (1.63 to 6.70) 0
Relapse ­definition Clinical ­judgement 28 2.98 (2.18 to 4.08) 17 .030 12 1.38 (1.31 to 4.33) 41 .218 16 3.11 (2.19 to 4.42) 0 .320
Scales 24 1.93 (1.52 to 2.45) 43 15 1.56 (1.17 to 2.14) 537 9 2.47 (1.84 to 3.30) 25

Note: Analyses have been done for the total group of studies, and for different subgroups of studies: dose-reduction studies, discontinuation studies, and other subgroups. The latter are presented in Supplementary Table 4. Blank Boxes Indicate an Insufficient Number of Studies (<4).

Note: na, not applicable; # rows combined because of insufficient number of studies in one of the rows (<4).