TABLE 1.
Characteristics by physical activity at cohort entry (1993 to 1996) in the Multiethnic Cohort
| Moderate/vigorous activity (hours/week) |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All | <2.5 | 2.5 to <5 | 5 to <7 | 7 to <14 | ≥14 | |
| Men, n | 39,676 | 6938 | 6811 | 7248 | 9733 | 8946 |
| Age at cohort entry, mean ± SD | 59.8 ± 8.1 | 60.4 ± 7.8 | 60.2 ± 8.2 | 59.8 ± 8.1 | 58.9 ± 8.0 | 59.8 ± 8.3 |
| Age at Medicare surveillance start, mean ± SD | 69.7 ± 4.8 | 69.9 ± 4.8 | 70.0 ± 5.0 | 69.8 ± 4.8 | 69.2 ± 4.5 | 69.8 ± 4.9 |
| Race/ethnicity (%) | ||||||
| Black | 9.8 | 15.1 | 12.0 | 9.6 | 7.5 | 6.6 |
| Japanese American | 34.6 | 29.5 | 34.1 | 39.5 | 34.2 | 35.2 |
| Latinoa | 20.1 | 31.2 | 21.6 | 17.1 | 17.5 | 15.4 |
| Native Hawaiian | 7.0 | 5.16. | 6.2 | 6.4 | 8.1 | 8.6 |
| White | 28.5 | 19.1 | 26.0 | 27.4 | 32.7 | 34.2 |
| Education (years), mean ± SD | 13.7 ± 3.2 | 12.6 ± 3.7 | 13.7 ± 3.1 | 14.0 ± 3.0 | 14.2 ± 3.0 | 13.9 ± 2.9 |
| Married (%) | 79.0 | 75.3 | 79.0 | 80.9 | 80.4 | 78.8 |
| History of hypertension (%) | 38.0 | 42.8 | 41.0 | 39.3 | 34.8 | 34.5 |
| History of heart disease (%) | 8.8 | 10.6 | 9.2 | 9.2 | 7.9 | 8.0 |
| History of stroke (%) | 2.2 | 3.5 | 2.5 | 2.2 | 1.6 | 1.6 |
| History of diabetes (%) | 10.3 | 15.0 | 10.9 | 9.5 | 8.8 | 8.2 |
| Medicare usage | ||||||
| ≥1 inpatient claim/year (%) | 3.7 | 4.9 | 3.7 | 3.9 | 3.3 | 3.0 |
| ≥1 outpatient claim/year (%) | 51.3 | 51.1 | 51.8 | 51.6 | 51.3 | 50.8 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2), mean ± SD | 26.5 ± 3.9 | 27.2 ± 4.3 | 26.7 ± 4.0 | 26.5 ± 3.9 | 26.4 ± 3.7 | 26.1 ± 3.6 |
| Smoking status (%) | ||||||
| Never | 32.0 | 30.9 | 32.8 | 32.2 | 32.6 | 31.7 |
| Former | 52.1 | 49.5 | 51.0 | 53.1 | 52.9 | 53.3 |
| Current | 15.8 | 19.5 | 16.2 | 14.7 | 14.5 | 15.0 |
| Pack-years among ever smokers, mean ± SD | 20.4 ± 16.3 | 21.0 ± 16.8 | 20.5 ± 16.5 | 20.3 ± 16.4 | 19.3 ± 15.7 | 21.0 ± 16.3 |
| Sitting hours, mean ± SD | 8.1 ± 3.5 | 7.8 ± 3.9 | 8.4 ± 3.6 | 8.4 ± 3.4 | 8.4 ± 3.4 | 7.4 ± 3.0 |
| Sleeping hours, mean ± SD | 7.0 ± 1.1 | 7.0 ± 1.2 | 7.0 ± 1.1 | 7.0 ± 1.1 | 7.1 ± 1.1 | 7.1 ± 1.1 |
| Alcohol intake (g/day), mean ± SD | 14.5 ± 30.5 | 13.7 ± 35.3 | 13.5 ± 30.7 | 13.9 ± 29.6 | 14.7 ± 28.2 | 16.1 ± 29.6 |
| Total energy intake (kcal/day), mean ± SD | 2402 ± 1067 | 2324 ± 1141 | 2304 ± 1043 | 2296 ± 1006 | 2451 ± 1062 | 2568 ± 1057 |
| Healthy Eating Index-2015, mean ± SD | 65.9 ± 10.4 | 63.5 ± 10.4 | 65.2 ± 10.2 | 66.0 ± 10.4 | 66.8 ± 10.2 | 67.1 ± 10.3 |
| Women, n | 48,371 | 8579 | 11,213 | 10,059 | 9605 | 8915 |
| Age at cohort entry, mean ± SD | 59.5 ± 8.1 | 59.8 ± 7.9 | 59.7 ± 8.2 | 59.5 ± 8.1 | 58.7 ± 8.1 | 59.9 ± 8.0 |
| Age at Medicare surveillance start, mean ± SD | 69.6 ± 4.7 | 69.6 ± 4.8 | 69.7 ± 4.9 | 69.6 ± 4.8 | 69.2 ± 4.6 | 69.7 ± 4.7 |
| Race/ethnicity (%) | ||||||
| Black | 14.6 | 18.9 | 18.4 | 14.4 | 11.4 | 9.5 |
| Japanese American | 33.1 | 27.6 | 36.2 | 36.3 | 32.4 | 31.7 |
| Latinoa | 17.4 | 32.4 | 16.3 | 14.9 | 12.5 | 12.5 |
| Native Hawaiian | 7.4 | 5.7 | 7.3 | 7.4 | 8.3 | 8.2 |
| White | 27.4 | 15.5 | 21.8 | 27.0 | 35.3 | 38.0 |
| Education (years), mean ± SD | 13.5 ± 3.1 | 12.1 ± 3.8 | 13.4 ± 3.0 | 13.8 ± 2.8 | 14.1 ± 2.8 | 13.9 ± 2.7 |
| Married (%) | 61.8 | 52.8 | 59.7 | 64.0 | 64.1 | 67.9 |
| History of hypertension (%) | 35.8 | 41.7 | 38.6 | 35.8 | 31.7 | 31.3 |
| History of heart disease (%) | 5.6 | 8.7 | 5.7 | 4.9 | 4.2 | 4.6 |
| History of stroke (%) | 1.7 | 2.4 | 1.9 | 1.7 | 1.3 | 1.4 |
| History of diabetes (%) | 8.9 | 12.7 | 9.8 | 8.2 | 6.8 | 6.9 |
| Medicare usage | ||||||
| ≥1 inpatient claim/y (%) | 3.5 | 4.4 | 3.7 | 3.3 | 3.0 | 2.9 |
| ≥1 outpatient claim/y (%) | 62.7 | 62.6 | 61.5 | 63.6 | 62.4 | 63.7 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2), mean ± SD | 26.0 ± 5.3 | 27.3 ± 5.7 | 26.3 ± 5.5 | 25.8 ± 5.0 | 25.4 ± 5.0 | 25.1 ± 4.8 |
| Smoking status (%) | ||||||
| Never | 57.6 | 61.7 | 58.7 | 57.6 | 55.2 | 54.5 |
| Former | 29.4 | 26.4 | 27.8 | 29.3 | 32.2 | 31.3 |
| Current | 13.0 | 11.9 | 13.5 | 13.0 | 12.6 | 14.1 |
| Pack-years among ever smokers, mean ± SD | 15.5 ± 14.4 | 14.5 ± 14.2 | 15.1 ± 14.1 | 15.1 ± 14.2 | 15.2 ± 14.0 | 17.4 ± 15.3 |
| Sitting hours, mean ± SD | 8.2 ± 3.6 | 7.6 ± 4.0 | 8.4 ± 3.7 | 8.6 ± 3.5 | 8.5 ± 3.4 | 7.6 ± 3.1 |
| Sleeping hours, mean ± SD | 7.0 ± 1.1 | 6.9 ± 1.2 | 6.9 ± 1.1 | 7.0 ± 1.1 | 7.0 ± 1.1 | 7.0 ± 1.1 |
| Alcohol intake (g/day), mean ± SD | 4.5 ± 14.6 | 3.3 ± 14.0 | 3.7 ± 12.8 | 4.4 ± 14.8 | 5.5 ± 16.2 | 5.6 ± 15.2 |
| Total energy intake (kcal/day), mean ± SD | 1958 ± 918 | 1972 ± 1030 | 1924 ± 928 | 1913 ± 867 | 1973 ± 886 | 2023 ± 876 |
| Healthy Eating Index-2015, mean ± SD | 69.4 ± 10.4 | 66.8 ± 10.4 | 68.4 ± 10.3 | 69.9 ± 10.3 | 70.8 ± 10.2 | 71.0 ± 10.2 |
a
The majority of the MEC Latino participants were of Mexican descent.