TABLE 1.
Preoperative demographics
| Demographics | Overall (n = 853) | Paroxysmal AF (n = 340) | Nonparoxysmal AF (n = 513) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
| Age, y | 64.2 ± 11.5 | 64.0 ± 11.8 | 64.2 ± 11.3 | .793 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 30.0 ± 6.9 | 29.7 ± 6.9 | 30.3 ± 6.9 | .247 |
| Male | 516 (60.5) | 188 (55.3) | 328 (63.9) | .012 |
| Long-standing persistent AF | 412 (48.3) | N/A | 412 (80.3) | N/A |
| Preoperative duration of AF, y, median [IQR] | 3.5 [0.8, 8.0] | 2.0 [0.4, 5.8] | 4.8 [1.6, 9.0] | <.001 |
| Left atrial size, cm | 5.1 ± 1.1 | 4.9 ± 1.0 | 5.2 ± 1.0 | <.001 |
| Failed catheter ablation | 201 (23.6) | 51 (15.0) | 150 (29.2) | <.001 |
| Preoperative pacemaker | 99 (11.6) | 39 (11.5) | 60 (11.7) | 1.000 |
| NYHA class III or IV symptoms | 490 (57.4) | 191 (56.2) | 299 (58.3) | .572 |
| LVEF, % | 56 ± 12 | 57 ± 11 | 54 ± 12 | <.001 |
| Hypertension | 608 (71.3) | 233 (68.5) | 375 (73.1) | .164 |
| Dyslipidemia | 501 (58.7) | 200 (58.8) | 301 (58.7) | 1.000 |
| Diabetes | 162 (19.0) | 70 (20.6) | 92 (17.9) | .373 |
| Chronic lung disease (moderate or greater) | 60 (7.0) | 20 (5.9) | 40 (7.8) | .339 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 87 (10.2) | 35 (10.3) | 52 (10.1) | 1.000 |
| Renal failure | 37 (4.3) | 16 (5.0) | 21 (4.5) | .736 |
| Dialysis | 12 (1.4) | 5 (1.8) | 7 (1.6) | .774 |
| EuroSCORE II (%) (Median [IQR]) | 2.8 [1.4, 5.6] | 3.0 [1.8, 6.2] | 2.6 [1.3, 5.2] | .008 |
Values are n (%), or mean ± standard deviation, unless otherwise indicated. Statistically significant P values are in bold. AF, Atrial fibrillation; BMI, body mass index; N/A, not applicable; IQR, interquartile range; NYHA, New York Heart Association; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; EuroSCORE, European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation.