Table 1.
Smoking category | Patients | Controls | Odds Ratio (95% CI) | p-value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | % | N | % | |||
Risk association among ever smokers | ||||||
Ever smokers (Total) | 76 | 72.30 | 99 | 47.10 | 2.938 (1.771-4.876) | p = < 0.001 |
Never smoked (Total) | 29 | 27.60 | 111 | 52.80 | 1 | |
Breakdown of the ever smoker | ||||||
Current daily smokers | 23 | 30.26 | 28 | 28.28 | 3.14 (1.583-6.247) | p=0.001 |
Current non-daily smokers | 20 | 26.31 | 17 | 17.17 | 4.50 (2.096-9.676) | p = < 0.001 |
Former daily smokers | 15 | 19.73 | 34 | 34.34 | 1.66 (0.812-3.512) | p =0.158 |
Former non-daily smokers | 18 | 23.68 | 20 | 20.20 | 3.44 (1.616-7.324) | p= 0.001 |
Gender-based risk association among ever smokers | ||||||
Male ever smokers | 69 | 86.30 | 96 | 60.00 | 4.18 (2.05 – 8.51) | p = 0.000 |
Never smoked | 11 | 13.80 | 64 | 10.00 | 1 | |
Female ever smokers | 7 | 28.00 | 3 | 6.00 | 6.09 (1.41 – 26.17) | p = 0.008 |
Never smoked | 18 | 72.00 | 47 | 94.00 | 1 | |
Type of smoking among ever smokers | ||||||
Cigarette smokers | 43 | 40.90 | 49 | 23.30 | 3.35 (1.88 – 5.99) | p = 0.000 |
Never smoked (Total) | 29 | 27.60 | 111 | 52.80 | 1 | |
Beedi smokers | 28 | 26.60 | 44 | 20.90 | 2.43 (1.30-4.55) | p= 0.005 |
Never smoked (Total) | 29 | 27.60 | 111 | 52.80 | 1 | |
Quantity of smoking | ||||||
Less than 1 pack per day | 21 | 20.00 | 42 | 20.00 | 1.94 (0.985- 3.719) | p = 0.054 |
1-2 packs per day | 23 | 21.90 | 35 | 16.66 | 2.51 (1.292-4.897) | p = 0.006 |
More than 2 packs per day | 32 | 30.47 | 22 | 10.47 | 5.56 (2.822-10.984) | p = <0.001 |
Never smoked | 29 | 27.61 | 111 | 52.85 | 1 | |
Duration of smoking | ||||||
< 10 years of smoking | 21 | 20.00 | 35 | 16.66 | 2.29 (1.166-4.524) | p = 0.015 |
10-20 years of smoking | 22 | 20.95 | 27 | 12.85 | 3.12 (155-6.25) | p = 0.001 |
>20 years of smoking | 33 | 31.42 | 37 | 17.61 | 3.41 (1.832- 6.361) | P = <0.001 |
Not smoked | 29 | 27.61 | 111 | 52.85 | 1 |