Table 4.
Risk factors for pancreatic cancer in patients with chronic pancreatitis: Cox regression analysis.
| Characteristics | Univariate | Multivariate | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR | 95% CI | p value | HR | 95% CI | p value | |
| Sex | 2.049 | 0.712‒5.899 | 0.184 | |||
| Age (< 60 vs. ≥ 60) | 4.830 | 1.556‒14.99 | 0.006 | 4.540 | 1.464‒14.08 | 0.009 |
| BMI (< 20 vs. ≥ 20) | 0.508 | 0.267‒1.923 | 0.639 | |||
| DM | 1.720 | 0.555‒5.334 | 0.348 | |||
| Acute exacerbation of pancreatitis | 2.566 | 0.955‒6.896 | 0.062 | |||
| Groove pancreatitis | 2.050 | 0.271‒15.52 | 0.487 | |||
| Autoimmune pancreatitis | 1.482 | 0.196‒11.23 | 0.703 | |||
| Parenchymal calcification | 0.213 | 0.077‒0.586 | 0.003 | |||
| Pancreas atrophy | 0.960 | 0.360‒2.561 | 0.935 | |||
| Pancreatic duct dilatation | 1.602 | 0.456‒5.626 | 0.462 | |||
| Pancreatic duct stone | 0.228 | 0.052‒1.005 | 0.051 | |||
| Pancreatic duct stricture | 2.706 | 1.007‒7.271 | 0.048 | |||
| Irregular pancreatic duct | 0.715 | 0.162‒3.150 | 0.658 | |||
| Pancreatic cyst | 0.979 | 0.340‒2.818 | 0.969 | |||
| CBD stricture | 2.112 | 0.767‒5.817 | 0.148 | |||
| Previous pancreatobiliary surgery | 2.685 | 0.866‒8.326 | 0.087 | |||
| CA 19‒9 level (< 100 vs. ≥ 100 U/mL) | 3.567 | 1.294‒9.831 | 0.014 | 3.528 | 1.282‒9.710 | 0.015 |
HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval, BMI body mass index, DM diabetes mellitus.