Table 1.
Unadjusted and adjusted mean differences between the BA and usual care groups by time point
| Mean difference (95% CI) | 1 month | 3 month | 12 month | Over 12 months | |||
| Outcome | Unadjusted | Adjusted* | Unadjusted | Adjusted* | Unadjusted | Adjusted* | Adjusted* |
| Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (primary outcome) | −1.44 (−3.66 to 0.77) | −0.50 (−2.01 to 1.01) | −0.39 (−2.70 to 1.91) | 0.19 (−1.36 to 1.75) | −0.59 (−2.92 to 1.74) | −0.70 (−2.61 to 1.20) | −0.41 (−1.65 to 0.83) |
| Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 | −0.54 (−2.52 to 1.44) | 0.20 (−1.33 to 1.73) | −0.16 (−2.09 to 1.78) | 0.31 (−1.08 to 1.70) | −0.97 (−2.93 to 0.99) | −0.67 (−2.31 to 0.97) | −0.18 (−1.35 to 0.98) |
| De Jong Gierveld scale (total) | 0.13 (−1.14 to 1.41) | 0.28 (−0.51 to 1.06) | −0.86 (−2.14 to 0.43) | −0.87 (−1.56,–0.18) | 0.07 (−1.31 to 1.45) | −0.39 (−1.43 to 0.65) | −0.32 (−0.97 to 0.34) |
| De Jong Gierveld Emotional Loneliness Subscale | 0.07 (−0.68 to 0.81) | 0.14 (−0.39 to 0.67) | −0.36 (−1.09 to 0.36) | −0.37 (−0.85 to 0.11) | 0.19 (−0.70 to 1.08) | −0.05 (−0.74 to 0.65) | −0.16 (−0.57 to 0.26) |
| De Jong Gierveld Social Loneliness Subscale | 0.07 (−0.68 to 0.81) | 0.14 (−0.42 to 0.69) | −0.50 (−1.22,–0.23) | −0.50 (−1.00,–0.01) | −0.12 (−0.84 to 0.60) | −0.33 (−0.88 to 0.22) | −0.14 (−0.55 to 0.26) |
| Short Form-12v2 (Physical Component Score)† | 1.40 (−3.42 to 6.22) | 0.34 (−4.17 to 4.85) | 0.81 (−4.16 to 5.77) | 0.11 (−4.46 to 4.67) | −0.04 (−5.39 to 5.30) | −0.53 (−4.15 to 3.09) | −0.27 (−2.73 to 2.18) |
| Short Form-12v2 (Mental Component Score)† | 3.60 (−1.17 to 8.37) | 1.91 (−2.64 to 5.15) | 2.09 (−2.48 to 6.65) | 1.26 (−2.64 to 5.15) | 2.17 (−2.54 to 6.89) | 3.61 (−0.22 to 7.44) | 3.22 (0.22 to 6.21) |
*Adjusted for the baseline score of the outcome.
†Positive difference indicates better health in intervention group.
GAD-7, Generalised Anxiety Disorder 7; PHQ-9, Patient Health Questionnaire 9; SF-12, Short Form 12.