Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of total participants for acute phase analysis (N=1093) and by each component
| Total | Components | |||||||||||||||||||||
| SM | BA | CR | AT | PS | ||||||||||||||||||
| Presence | Absence | Presence | Absence | Presence | Absence | Presence | Absence | Presence | Absence | |||||||||||||
| N | 1093 | 544 | 549 | 552 | 541 | 544 | 549 | 547 | 546 | 546 | 547 | |||||||||||
| Demographic | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % |
| Age (M, SD) | 21.6 | 3.03 | 21.7 | 3.05 | 21.6 | 3.01 | 21.7 | 2.98 | 21.5 | 3.08 | 21.7 | 3.11 | 21.6 | 2.94 | 21.6 | 3.23 | 21.6 | 2.82 | 21.6 | 3.27 | 21.6 | 2.78 |
| Sex (female) | 641 | 58% | 319 | 59% | 322 | 59% | 326 | 59% | 315 | 58% | 315 | 58% | 326 | 59% | 323 | 59% | 318 | 58% | 330 | 60% | 311 | 57% |
| Undergraduate | 829 | 76% | 406 | 75% | 423 | 77% | 415 | 75% | 414 | 77% | 422 | 78% | 407 | 74% | 414 | 76% | 415 | 76% | 415 | 76% | 414 | 77% |
| Married | 21 | 2% | 10 | 2% | 11 | 2% | 8 | 1% | 13 | 2% | 9 | 2% | 12 | 2% | 9 | 2% | 12 | 2% | 9 | 2% | 12 | 2% |
| Living alone | 686 | 62% | 353 | 65% | 333 | 61% | 356 | 64% | 330 | 61% | 346 | 64% | 340 | 62% | 344 | 63% | 342 | 63% | 341 | 62% | 345 | 64% |
| Part-time employment | 845 | 77% | 413 | 76% | 432 | 79% | 437 | 79% | 408 | 75% | 421 | 77% | 424 | 77% | 426 | 78% | 419 | 77% | 426 | 78% | 419 | 77% |
| Smoking regularly | 68 | 6% | 37 | 7% | 31 | 6% | 35 | 6% | 33 | 6% | 35 | 6% | 33 | 6% | 30 | 5% | 38 | 7% | 38 | 7% | 30 | 6% |
| Drinking alcohol regularly | 466 | 42% | 229 | 42% | 237 | 43% | 237 | 43% | 229 | 42% | 233 | 43% | 233 | 42% | 239 | 44% | 227 | 42% | 224 | 41% | 242 | 45% |
| Exercise regularly | 666 | 61% | 332 | 61% | 334 | 61% | 335 | 61% | 331 | 61% | 334 | 61% | 332 | 60% | 325 | 59% | 341 | 62% | 340 | 62% | 326 | 60% |
| History of psychiatric/psychological treatment | 130 | 12% | 73 | 13% | 57 | 10% | 62 | 11% | 68 | 13% | 57 | 10% | 73 | 13% | 62 | 11% | 68 | 12% | 60 | 11% | 70 | 13% |
| History of major depressive episode in past year (CIDI) | 108 | 10% | 60 | 11% | 48 | 9% | 55 | 10% | 53 | 10% | 58 | 11% | 50 | 9% | 49 | 9% | 59 | 11% | 56 | 10% | 52 | 10% |
| Cognitive and behavioural skills | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD |
| SM skills | 7.60 | 3.11 | 7.49 | 3.17 | 7.71 | 3.04 | 7.59 | 3.09 | 7.61 | 3.13 | 7.57 | 3.18 | 7.63 | 3.03 | 7.54 | 3.14 | 7.66 | 3.08 | 7.60 | 3.10 | 7.61 | 3.12 |
| BA skills | 8.42 | 3.43 | 8.42 | 3.46 | 8.42 | 3.40 | 8.56 | 3.42 | 8.28 | 3.43 | 8.59 | 3.55 | 8.25 | 3.30 | 8.57 | 3.42 | 8.27 | 3.43 | 8.31 | 3.67 | 8.52 | 3.16 |
| CR skills | 9.78 | 4.21 | 9.86 | 4.40 | 9.70 | 4.01 | 9.72 | 4.36 | 9.84 | 4.05 | 9.93 | 4.12 | 9.63 | 4.29 | 9.89 | 4.26 | 9.66 | 4.16 | 9.97 | 4.13 | 9.59 | 4.28 |
| AT skills | 9.31 | 3.49 | 9.13 | 3.54 | 9.48 | 3.45 | 9.27 | 3.40 | 9.35 | 3.59 | 9.33 | 3.63 | 9.28 | 3.36 | 9.36 | 3.54 | 9.25 | 3.45 | 9.05 | 3.48 | 9.56 | 3.49 |
| PS skills | 10.4 | 3.13 | 10.2 | 3.11 | 10.7 | 3.14 | 10.4 | 3.08 | 10.6 | 3.18 | 10.4 | 3.14 | 10.5 | 3.13 | 10.6 | 3.16 | 10.3 | 3.10 | 10.4 | 3.25 | 10.5 | 3.01 |
| Clinical characteristics | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD |
| PHQ-9 | 8.10 | 2.76 | 8.21 | 2.88 | 7.99 | 2.64 | 8.15 | 2.82 | 8.04 | 2.70 | 8.06 | 2.69 | 8.14 | 2.84 | 8.17 | 2.77 | 8.03 | 2.76 | 8.04 | 2.70 | 8.15 | 2.83 |
| GAD-7 | 6.40 | 3.33 | 6.28 | 3.15 | 6.52 | 3.51 | 6.64 | 3.32 | 6.16 | 3.33 | 6.45 | 3.26 | 6.34 | 3.40 | 6.51 | 3.37 | 6.29 | 3.29 | 6.42 | 3.21 | 6.37 | 3.45 |
| Function | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD |
| WHO-HPQ Presenteeism | 4.41 | 2.14 | 4.37 | 2.09 | 4.45 | 2.18 | 4.37 | 2.10 | 4.45 | 2.17 | 4.41 | 2.15 | 4.42 | 2.12 | 4.44 | 2.14 | 4.38 | 2.13 | 4.49 | 2.13 | 4.33 | 2.14 |
AT, assertiveness training; BA, behavioural activation; CIDI, Composite International Diagnostic Interview; CR, cognitive restructuring; GAD-7, Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7; PHQ-9, Patient Health Questionnaire-9; PS, problem-solving; SM, self-monitoring; WHO-HPQ, WHO-Health and Work Performance Questionnaire.