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. 2022 Dec 21;13:1072462. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1072462

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Copyright © 2022 Agarbati, Benfaremo, Viola, Paolini, Svegliati Baroni, Funaro, Moroncini, Malavasi and Gabrielli

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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(A, B) CD3+CD38+ and CD19+CD38+ surface antigen expression of PBMC from SSc patients (SSc; n = 46) and healthy controls (HC; n = 32) were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results are expressed as percentage of positive cells. Horizontal bars represent median values; *= p < 0.05; *** = p < 0.001. Mann-Whitney test was used for inter-groups analysis; (C, D) CD138+CD38^high and CD38^highCD27+ surface antigen expression of PBMC from SSc patients (SSc; n = 46) and healthy controls (HC; n = 32) were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results are expressed as percentage of positive cells. Horizontal bars represent median values; *= p < 0.05; *** = p < 0.001. Mann-Whitney test was used for inter-groups analysis.