TABLE 3.

General observations of medium-term carcinogenicity test on rats for 15 weeks.

Group	Chemical	Treatment	Body weight (g)		Consumption (/rat/day)
			Initial	Final	Food (g)	Water (ml)
1	DEN	5% Tween 80	92 ± 6.3	401 ± 46.1*	17 ± 4.5*	24 ± 7.6*
2	DEN	CRE 100 mg/kg BW	92 ± 6.8	407 ± 39.4	19 ± 3.5	25 ± 11.3
3	DEN	CRE 500 mg/kg BW	93 ± 7.4	421 ± 28.6	20 ± 4.4	28 ± 9.6
4	DEN	RRE 100 mg/kg BW	92 ± 4.2	401 ± 23.4	18 ± 4.3	23 ± 8.6
5	DEN	RRE 500 mg/kg BW	92 ± 7.8	395 ± 28.0	20 ± 3.7	24 ± 6.8
6	DEN	VA 75 mg/kg BW	93 ± 8.7	441 ± 24.6	22 ± 4.9	28 ± 7.6
7	NSS	5% Tween 80	93 ± 13.3	467 ± 48.9	23 ± 6.0	31 ± 4.7
8	NSS	CRE 500 mg/kg BW	93 ± 4.2	457 ± 15.7	23 ± 4.8	30 ± 5.8
9	NSS	RRE 500 mg/kg BW	93 ± 4.1	453 ± 38.8	23 ± 5.3	29 ± 4.0

Values are expressed as mean ± SD.

*Significantly different from the negative control (group 7), p < 0.05.

CRE, cooked glutinous purple rice extract; RRE, raw glutinous purple rice extract; VA, vanillic acid; DEN, diethylnitrosamine; NSS, normal saline solution.