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. 2021 Dec 1;43(1):251–264. doi: 10.1007/s10571-021-01172-6

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 3 — The effect of HI and FAM3A expression on memory, spatial learning, and motor function. A cognitive function assessments were assessed when the animals were 6.5 weeks-old. NSS evaluation was based on 10-point system, with high scores indicative of more severe neurological impairments. NSS values for Ctrl-LV-Ctrl, HI-LV-Ctrl, and HI-LV-FAM3A are 0, 2.83, and 1.5, respectively. B and C grip test was performed at 6.5 weeks, both scores and grip time were recorded. Both overall grip score and amount of time spent holding onto the wire were significantly less in the HI group compared to the control group. HI-LV-FAM3A rats performed significantly better than the HI-LV-Ctrl rats on grip score and grip time. D the escape latency period in the Morris water maze test showed that rats in the HI group required more time to escape platform compared to the control group, and that HI-LV-FAM3A group required less time compared to the HI-LV-Ctrl group. n = 6 animals from each group, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.005, ****p < 0.001