TABLE 2.

Serum ALT, AST, γ-GTP and GSH levels at each visit.

Variable (unit)	Visit	Glucoraphanin group (n = 35)	Placebo group (n = 35)	P-value
ALT (U/L)	Visit 2†	36.0 (30.0–40.0)	35.0 (27.5–42.0)	0.842
	Visit 3‡	31.0 (27.0–36.5)	33.0 (28.5–44.0)	0.145
	Visit 4‡	32.0 (28.0–40.0)	34.0 (25.0–41.5)	0.947
	Visit 5‡,§	29.0 (22.0–36.5)	30.0 (25.5–41.5)	0.041*
AST (U/L)	Visit 2†	28.0 (21.0–30.5)	28.0 (22.0–33.0)	0.696
	Visit 3‡	25.0 (23.0–29.5)	26.0 (22.5–33.0)	0.248
	Visit 4‡	25.0 (21.5–29.5)	27.0 (22.0–31.5)	0.212
	Visit 5‡	26.0 (21.0–31.0)	25.0 (22.0–34.5)	0.348
γ-GTP (U/L)	Visit 2†	30.0 (26.5–47.0)	41.0 (27.0–68.5)	0.198
	Visit 3‡	31.0 (26.0–50.0)	43.0 (29.0–62.5)	0.774
	Visit 4‡	34.0 (25.0–54.0)	46.0 (28.5–61.0)	0.786
	Visit 5‡	33.0 (23.5–43.0)	45.0 (26.0–70.0)	0.088#
GSH (μM)	Visit 2†	3.90 (3.60–4.15)	4.20 (3.80–4.40)	0.179
	Visit 3‡	4.30 (3.50–4.65)	4.20 (3.10–4.90)	0.506
	Visit 4‡	4.80 (4.60–4.90)	4.80 (4.70–5.00)	0.627
	Visit 5‡	5.10 (4.90–5.20)	5.00 (5.00–5.10)	0.953

Data are presented as median (interquartile range).

^†The differences between the groups were determined using Welch’s t-test.

^‡The differences between the groups were determined using a linear mixed model fitted to the following covariates: fixed effects for categorical variables including group, time point, and group-time point interactions; and fixed effects for continuous variables including baseline values and baseline values-time point interactions.

^§Primary endpoint.

*p < 0.05.

^#p < 0.1.

ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; γ-GTP, gamma-glutamyl transferase GSH, glutathione.