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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Child Lang. 2022 Jul 5;50(4):981–1004. doi: 10.1017/S0305000922000307

Table 6.

Descriptive Statistics (Means, Standard Deviations) and Zero-order Correlations Between All Predictors at 2;6

Predictors M(SD) 95% CI 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
1. English EOWPVT score 9.71 (10.44) [6.06–13.35] -
2. Spanish EOWPVT score 5.88 (8.64) [2.87–8.90] −.002 -
3. Degree of English dominance score1 3.82 (13.57) [−0.91–8.56] .77** −.64** -
4. Language balance score2 0.20 (0.30) [0.10–0.31] .14 .42* −.16 -
5. Interlocutor’s CDS complexity in English3 −0.09 (0.83) [−0.38–0.20] .62** .02 .46** .10 -
6. Interlocutor’s CDS complexity in Spanish3 0.01 (0.92) [−0.31–0.33] .17 .49** −.18 .23 .30 -
7. Percent exposure to mixed language4 0.47 (0.27) [0.34–0.60] .06 −.32 .22 −.25 −.02 −.11 -
8. Parental Language Mixing Score when speaking English5 4.26 (1.65) [3.61–4.77] −.04 .41* −.26 .25 .25 .54** .21 -
9. Parental Language Mixing Score when speaking Spanish5 4.24 (1.64) [3.59–4.78] −.09 .30 −.25 .13 .21 .51** .15 .93** -

Note. N = 34.

1

English EOWPVT score minus Spanish EOWPVT score.

2

The lower of English and Spanish EOWPVT scores divided by the higher.

3

CDS = child-directed speech.

4

Percent of 30-minute time periods in which two languages were addressed to the child, regardless of speaker; n =20.

5

Composite score on the Byers-Heinlein parental mixing scale; n = 30 at 2;6.

*

p < .05.

**

p < .01.