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. 2022 Dec 26;56:101784. doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101784

Table 2.

Result of SLCMA showing the theoretical model of adversity measures first selected by LAR for all 9 cognitive outcomes.

SSRT
 N-back accuracy
 Emotion total
Selected model Estimate 95% CI Selected model Estimate 95% CI Selected model Estimate 95% CI
Physical abuse 4.9 years −0.192 −0.309, 1.856 3.6 years −0.181 −0.372, 0.506 1.6 years 0.212 −0.237, 0.445
Sexual abuse 8.7 years −1.228 −2.076, 0.967 2.6 years −2.855 −4.790, 0.823 2.6 years −2.475 −5.479, 21.313
Inconsistent caregiving 3.6 years 0.130 −1.339, 0.230 Accumulation 0.054b −0.004, 0.099 3.6 years 0.261b −0.035, 0.398
Family instability 6.9 years −0.180 −0.294, 0.241 4.9 years −0.039 −0.182, 0.935 2.6 years 0.092 −0.154, 0.176
Caregivers abuse 8 months −0.142 −0.348, 0.805 2.9 years −0.164 −0.344, 0.703 6.1 years −0.093 −0.169, 2.844
Maternal psychopathology 1.9 years −0.111 −0.212, 0.518 Accumulation −0.040 −0.082, 0.172 3.11 years 0.365 −7.491, 0.846
Maternal victimization 8 months −0.142 −0.286, 0.152 1.9 years −0.157 −0.238, 2.003 5.1 years −0.124 −0.244, 0.154
Parental legal problems 5.1 years −0.213 −0.397, 1.448 5.1 years −0.421∗∗ −0.648, −0.138 5.1 years −0.245 −0.466, 0.319
Parental separation/divorce 6.1 years −0.245b −0.395, 0.022 2.9 years −0.335a −0.491, −0.176 6.1 years −0.147 −0.295, 0.179
Financial distress Accumulation −0.072 −0.106, 0.085 Accumulation −0.057 −0.090, 0.128 1.9 years −0.163b −0.282, −0.024
Neighbourhood stress Accumulation −0.104b −0.168, 0.017 2.9 years −0.109 −0.206, 0.490 2.9 years −0.059 −0.167, 0.205
Happy
 Surprise
 Fear
Selected model Estimate 95% CI Selected model Estimate 95% CI Selected model Estimate 95% CI
Physical abuse 6.9 years −0.519 −0.965, 1.113 8.7 years 0.208 −0.996, 0.463 1.6 years 0.764 −4.368, 1.420
Sexual abuse 2.6 years −4.622 −7.999, 26.121 2.6 years −4.731 −7.605, 4.245 8.7 years −2.997 −5.824, 6.070
Inconsistent caregiving 5.9 years −0.184 −0.323, 6.805 4.9 years 0.206 −0.913, 0.393 2.6 years 0.483 −8.858, 0.707
Family instability 5.9 years 0.258 −0.402, 0.479 1.6 years 0.151 −0.381, 0.310 2.6 years 0.181 −5.122, 0.343
Caregivers abuse 6.1 years −0.227 −0.526, 0.652 6.1 years −0.166 −0.385, 0.392 6.1 years −0.468 −0.899, 2.215
Maternal psychopathology 2.9 years 0.177 −0.480, 0.385 1.9 years −0.126 −0.306, 0.186 3.11 years 1.318 −21.625, 3.054
Maternal victimization 1.9 years 0.172 −4.536, 0.340 8 months −0.202 −0.412, 0.403 5.1 years −0.389 −0.740, 2.085
Parental legal problems 8 months 0.466 −6.765, 1.134 8 months −0.611 −1.211, 0.840 5.1 years −0.908 −1.638, 1.511
Parental separation/divorce 3.11 years 0.354 −13.890, 0.422 3.11 years −0.344b −0.590, 0.006 6.1 years −0.465 −0.937, 1.696
Financial distress 2.9 years 0.148 −0.900, 0.372 1.9 years −0.133 −0.302, 0.639 1.9 years −0.450b −0.855, 0.052
Neighbourhood stress Accumulation −0.118 −0.254, 0.191 Accumulation 0.066 −0.197, 0.162 1.9 years 0.096 −2.139, 0.410
Sad
 Anger
 Disgust
Selected model Estimate 95% CI Selected model Estimate 95% CI Selected model Estimate 95% CI
Physical abuse 1.6 years 0.697 −1.155, 1.155 6.9 years 0.363 −4.638, 0.778 1.6 years 0.545 −0.522, 1.064
Sexual abuse 6.9 years −1.100 −2.307, 9.008 2.6 years −5.363 −8.415, 62.221 8.7 years −2.287 −4.175, 3.600
Inconsistent caregiving Accumulation 0.120 −0.193, 0.210 3.6 years 0.546b −0.080, 0.887 3.6 years 0.439b −0.106, 0.751
Family instability Accumulation 0.062 −0.073, 0.118 2.6 years 0.221 −0.686, 0.418 8.7 years −0.301 −0.554, 0.684
Caregivers abuse 2.9 years 0.342 −1.491, 0.733 8 months 0.436 −0.862, 0.977 5.1 years 0.342 −0.300, 0.684
Maternal psychopathology 5.1 years −0.891 −2.118, 4.947 5.1 years −1.483 −3.061, 2.340 3.11 years 2.342 −0.576, 3.886
Maternal victimization 1.9 years −0.240 −0.444, 2.804 5.1 years −0.275 −0.576, 0.221 3.11 years 0.264 −0.683, 0.549
Parental legal problems 5.1 years −0.240 −0.636, 3.188 5.1 years −0.352 −0.867, 2.024 8 months −0.994 −1.864, 1.460
Parental separation/divorce 8 months −0.253 −0.628, 3.177 6.1 years −0.314 −0.689, 0.301 5.1 years 0.376 −3.184, 0.655
Financial distress 1.9 years −0.325 −0.571, 0.215 8 months −0.184 −0.462, 0.581 1.9 years −0.249 −0.509, 0.439
Neighbourhood stress 1.9 years −0.117 −0.344, 0.467 2.9 years −0.246 −0.519, 0.243 2.9 years −0.112 −0.342, 0.945

CI = confidence interval; LAR = Least angle regression; SSRT = stop signal reaction time.

Note that we refer to sensitive periods as very early childhood (adversity exposure before age 3), early childhood (exposure between 3 and 5 years) and middle childhood (exposure between 6 and 8 years). ∗p < 0.05; ∗∗p < 0.01; ∗∗∗p < 0.001.

a

Significant at p < 0.001.

b

Significant at p < 0.050.