Table 3.
Weight, BMI, body composition, and cardiorespiratory fitness by intervention condition.
| Least-Squares Mean (95% CI)* | P value |
P value for Pairwise Comparisons of Change at 6 Months**** |
P value for Pairwise Comparisons of Change at 12 Months**** |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Change from Baseline to 6 months |
Change from Baseline to 12 months |
Group | Time** | Group x Time |
DIET vs. DIET+MODPA |
DIET vs. DIET+HIGHPA |
DIET+MODPA vs. DIET+HIGHPA |
DIET vs. DIET+MODPA |
DIET vs. DIET+HIGHPA |
DIET+MODPA vs. DIET+HIGHPA |
|
| Weight, kg | N = 383 | N = 340 | N = 322 | 0.5684 | 0.0152 | 0.2979 | 0.1643 | 0.2532 | 0.8017 | 0.4503 | 0.9928 | 0.4477 |
| DIET | 91.8 (90.0, 93.6) | −8.5 (9.5, −7.5)*** | −9.4 (−10.8, −8.0)*** | |||||||||
| DIET+MODPA | 89.9 (88.3, 91.6) | −9.5 (−10.5, −8.5)*** | −10.1 (−11.5, −8.8)*** | |||||||||
| DIET+HIGHPA | 91.0 (89.4, 92.6) | −9.3 (−10.3, −8.3)*** | −9.4 (−10.8, −8.0)*** | |||||||||
| Weight change from baseline, % | N = 340 | N = 322 | 0.6010 | 0.0175 | 0.2763 | 0.1843 | 0.1843 | 0.9931 | 0.4902 | 0.9182 | 0.5591 | |
| DIET | −---- | −9.3 (−10.3, −8.2)*** | −10.2 (−11.7, −8.8)*** | |||||||||
| DIET+MODPA | −---- | −10.3 (−11.4, −9.2)*** | −11.0 (−12.4, −9.5)*** | |||||||||
| DIET+HIGHPA | −---- | −10.3 (−11.3, −9.2)*** | −10.3 (−11.8, −8.9)*** | |||||||||
| Body Mass Index, kg/m2 | N = 383 | N = 340 | N = 322 | 0.4985 | 0.0133 | 0.3342 | 0.1275 | 0.1948 | 0.8198 | 0.3929 | 0.8985 | 0.4702 |
| DIET | 32.6 (32.0, 33.2) | −3.0 (−3.3, −2.6)*** | −3.3 (−3.8, −2.8)*** | |||||||||
| DIET+MODPA | 32.3 (31.6, 32.9) | −3.4 (−3.7, −3.0)*** | −3.6 (−4.1, −3.1)*** | |||||||||
| DIET+HIGHPA | 32.2 (31.5, 32.9) | −3.3 (−3.6, −3.0)*** | −3.3 (−3.8, −2.8)*** | |||||||||
| Fat mass (kg) | N = 383 | N = 339 | N = 316 | 0.5348 | 0.0076 | 0.4961 | 0.1164 | 0.1467 | 0.9056 | 0.5206 | 0.7303 | 0.7688 |
| DIET | 39.3 (38.4, 40.2) | −7.0 (−7.8, −6.2)*** | −7.8 (−8.9, −6.6)*** | |||||||||
| DIET+MODPA | 38.6 (37.6, 39.6) | −7.9 (−8.7, −7.1)*** | −8.3 (−9.5, −7.2)*** | |||||||||
| DIET+HIGHPA | 39.6 (38.5, 40.8) | −7.8 (−8.6, −7.0)*** | −8.1 (−9.2, −6.9)*** | |||||||||
| Lean mass (kg) | N = 383 | N = 339 | N = 316 | 0.5501 | 0.8615 | 0.6134 | 0.7688 | 0.8999 | 0.6063 | 0.3502 | 0.7478 | 0.2134 |
| DIET | 49.3 (48.1, 50.5) | −1.4 (−1.7, −1.1)*** | −1.4 (−1.7, −1.1)*** | |||||||||
| DIET+MODPA | 48.2 (47.2, 49.2) | −1.5 (−1.8, −1.2)*** | −1.6 (−2.0, −1.3)*** | |||||||||
| DIET+HIGHPA | 48.3 (47.3, 49.3) | −1.4 (−1.7, −1.1)*** | −1.3 (−1.7, −1.0)*** | |||||||||
| Percent body fat (%) | N = 383 | N = 339 | N = 316 | 0.5868 | 0.0004 | 0.3299 | 0.1384 | 0.0934 | 0.8450 | 0.6492 | 0.7967 | 0.8458 |
| DIET | 43.1 (42.5, 43.7) | −4.2 (−4.8, −3.7)*** | −5.1 (−5.9, −4.2)*** | |||||||||
| DIET+MODPA | 42.6 (41.8, 43.4) | −4.8 (−5.4, −4.3)*** | −5.3 (−6.2, −4.5)*** | |||||||||
| DIET+HIGHPA | 43.5 (42.7, 44.2) | −4.9 (−5.5, −4.4)*** | −5.2 (−6.1, −4.4)*** | |||||||||
| Cardiorespiratory Fitness (ml/kg/min) | N = 381 | N = 331 | N = 309 | 0.0081 | 0.4946 | 0.0612 | 0.0888 | 0.0008 | 0.0943 | 0.0120 | 0.0476 | 0.5958 |
| DIET | 23.1 (22.5, 23.6) | 2.0 (1.4, 2.5)*** | 2.1 (1.4, 2.9)*** | |||||||||
| DIET+MODPA | 22.3 (21.7, 22.9) | 2.7 (2.1, 3.2)*** | 3.3 (2.6, 3.7)*** | |||||||||
| DIET+HIGHPA | 22.6 (22.0, 23.1) | 3.4 (2.8, 3.9)*** | 3.0 (2.3, 3.7)*** | |||||||||
| Cardiorespiratory Fitness (L/min) | N = 381 | N = 331 | N = 309 | 0.0435 | 0.1680 | 0.1228 | 0.4208 | 0.0141 | 0.0983 | 0.0330 | 0.0597 | 0.7983 |
| DIET | 2.1 (2.1, 2.2) | −0.03 (−0.08, 0.01) | −0.06 (−0.11, −0.01)*** | |||||||||
| DIET+MODPA | 2.0 (1.9, 2.1) | −0.01 (−0.05, 0.04) | 0.01 (−0.04, 0.06) | |||||||||
| DIET+HIGHPA | 2.0 (2.0, 2.1) | 0.05 (0.00, 0.09) | 0.00 (−0.04, 0.05) | |||||||||
| Cardiorespiratory Fitness (termination time, minutes) | N = 383 | N = 337 | N = 312 | 0.0285 | 0.1598 | 0.5206 | 0.1630 | 0.0092 | 0.2306 | 0.0638 | 0.0631 | 0.09957 |
| DIET | 7.8 (7.5, 8.2) | 1.6 (1.2, 2.1)*** | 1.5 (1.0, 1.9)*** | |||||||||
| DIET+MODPA | 7.5 (7.1, 7.9) | 2.1 (1.6, 2.5)*** | 2.1 (1.6, 2.5)*** | |||||||||
| DIET+HIGHPA | 7.9 (7.5, 8.2) | 2.4 (2.0, 2.8)*** | 2.1 (1.6, 2.5)*** | |||||||||
*
Model adjusted for sex and race and baseline value.
**
P-value for comparison of change at 6 months to change at 12 months.
***
Indicates change from baseline is statistically significant at p-value ≤0.0167 to adjust for multiple comparisons.
****
P-value for comparison of groups at specific time points, with the critical p-value set at ≤0.0167 to adjust for multiple comparisons.