Table 1.
Patients baseline characteristics.
| Characteristic | Overall (n = 26) | |
|---|---|---|
| Age, median (range), years | 70.0 (55–83) | |
| ECOG PS, n (%) | 0 | 11 (42.3%) |
| 1 | 15 (57.7%) | |
| Gleason score, n (%) | <8 | 8 (30.7%) |
| ≥8 | 18 (69.2%) | |
| Prior radical therapies, n (%) | Prostatectomy | 4 (15.4%) |
| Prostate radiotherapy | 6 (23.1%) | |
| Time from first ADT to CRPC | Median (range), months | 25.2 (6.5–63.1) |
| <12 months, n (%) | 6 (23.1%) | |
| ≥12 months, n (%) | 20 (76.9) | |
| No. of survival-prolonging prior therapies, n (%) | 2 | 6 (23.1%) |
| 3 | 9 (34.6%) | |
| 4 or more | 11 (42.3%) | |
| Prior therapies, n (%) | Docetaxel | 26 (100%) |
| Abiraterone | 13 (50%) | |
| Enzalutamide | 18 (69.2%) | |
| Cabazitaxel | 15 (57.5%) | |
| Radium-223 | 7 (26.9%) | |
| Other* | 10 (38.5%) | |
| Serum PSA level, median (range), ng/mL | 164 (2.44–5948.0) | |
| Haemoglobin, n (%) | <12.5 g/L | 20 (76.9%) |
| ≥12.5 g/L | 6 (23.1%) | |
| Alkaline phosphatase, n (%) | <129 U/L | 11 (42.3%) |
| ≥129 U/L | 15 (57.7%) | |
| PD-L1 expression (CPS) | Positive (≥1) | 3 (11.5%) |
| Negative (<1) | 16 (61.5%) | |
| Unknown# | 7 (26.9%) | |
| Staging, n (%) | De novo metastatic disease | 16 (61.5%) |
| Nodal disease only | 2 (7.7%) | |
| Visceral metastases | 10 (38.5%) | |
| Metastasis location, n (%) | Bone | 23 (88.5%) |
| Nodal | 12 (46.2%) | |
| Liver | 9 (34.6) | |
| Lung | 2 (7.7%) | |
| Number of bone lesions, n (%) | 0 | 3 (11.5%) |
| 1–5 | 4 (13.3%) | |
| ≥5 | 2 (7.7%) | |
| Superscan | 17 (65.4%) | |
| DDR molecular alteration, n (%) | Unknown | 13 (50%) |
| Absent | 10 (38.5%) | |
| Present^ | 3 (11.5%) | |
| Subsequent therapies at progression, % (n)° | None | 60% (15/25) |
| Docetaxel | 12% (3/25) | |
| Cabazitaxel | 24% (6/25) | |
| Enzalutamide | 4% (1/25) | |
| Radium-223 | 12% (3/25) | |
| Abiraterone | 4% (1/25) | |
ECOG PS Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance status, ADT androgen-deprivation therapy, CRPC castration-resistant prostate cancer, PSA prostate-specific antigen, CPS combined positive score, PD-L1 programmed death ligand 1, DDR DNA damage repair.
*Including: orteronel (n = 1), carboplatin (n = 2), cyclophosphamide (n = 4), PARP inhibitors (n = 3). ^Including: BRCA2 (n = 1), ATM (n = 1), FANC (n = 1).
#Due to lack of available tumour sample or insufficient quality of the tumour sample.
°Among patients stopping study treatment (n = 25).