Table 2.

Male reproductive system AOPs on AOP-Wiki

AOP ID:	Title	KE	AO	Taxonomic Applicability	References
18	PPARα activation in utero leading to impaired fertility in males	MIE: Activation, PPARα KE1: Decrease, Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (STAR) KE2: Reduction, Cholesterol transport in mitochondria KE3: Reduction, Testosterone synthesis in Leydig cells KE4: Reduction, Testosterone level KE5: Decrease, Translocator protein (TSPO)	Impaired, Fertility Malformation, Male reproductive tract	Rattus norvegicus Homo sapiens Mus musculus	[138]
64	Glucocorticoid Receptor (GR) Mediated Adult Leydig Cell Dysfunction Leading to Decreased Male Fertility	MIE: Glucocorticoid Receptor Agonist, Activation KE1: Repressed expression of steroidogenic enzymes KE2: Increased apoptosis, decreased number of adult Leydig Cells KE3: Reduction, Testosterone synthesis in Leydig cells KE4: Reduction, testosterone level KE5: Decreased sperm quantity or quality in the adult, Decreased fertility	Impaired, Fertility	Rattus norvegicus	[151]
207	NADPH oxidase and P38 MAPK activation leading to reproductive failure in Caenorhabditis elegans	MIE: Activation, NADPH Oxidase KE1: ROS formation KE2: Increase, Oxidative Stress/Activation, PMK-1 P38 MAPK KE3: Activation, HIF-1 KE4: Increased, DNA Damage-Repair KE5: Damaging, Mitochondria KE6: Apoptosis	Reproductive failure	Caenorhabditis elegans	[55]
208	Janus kinase (JAK)/Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) and Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta pathways activation leading to reproductive failure	KE1: Activation, JAK/STAT pathway KE2: Activation, TGF-beta pathway	Reproductive failure	Caenorhabditis elegans	[59]
322	Alkylation of DNA leading to reduced sperm count	MIE: Alkylation, DNA KE1: Inadequate DNA repair KE2: Increase, DNA strand breaks KE3: Increase, Apoptosis	Reduce, Sperm count	No information	[122]
323	PPAR alpha Agonism Impairs Fish Reproduction	MIE: Activation, PPARα KE1: Decreased, cholesterol KE2: Decreased, 11KT KE3: Impaired, Spermatogenesis KE4: impaired, Fertility	No information	Teleost fish	[152]
444	Ionizing radiation leads to reduced reproduction in Eisenia fetida via reduced spermatogenesis and cocoon hatchability	MIE: Deposition of Energy MIE: Increase in reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) MIE: Increase, DNA damage KE1: Increased, Oxidative Stress KE2: Increase, Apoptosis KE3: Decreased spermatogenesis KE4: Decrease, Fecundity KE5: Decrease, Reproduction	Decrease, Population growth rate	No information	[153]