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. 2022 Apr 29;5:58. doi: 10.1038/s42004-022-00674-8

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Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — a Vibrational sum frequency scattering (VSFS) electric fields of CH₃-as for aerosol curved surfaces (red solid circle, right axis) and VSFG electric fields of CH₃-as for the air/water planar interface (blue solid triangle, right axis) as a function of propionic acid concentration in a 0.5 M NaCl seed solution. b VSFS electric fields of –CH₃-as as a function of butanoic acid concentration in 0.5 M NaCl seed solution (black sold diamond, right axis), in comparison with those for propionic acid (red solid circle, left axis). Error bars represent 5% deviation.