Table 3.

Associations between Barriers to Accessing HIV Care and IPV by Viral Suppression Among Women with and without IPV

	Sum barrier score	Pay for transportation to come to the clinic	Wait at the clinic for long periods of time	Get permission to take time off from work to come to the clinic	Find a clinic for your HIV care that is within a reasonable travel distance	Find the time to come into clinic for an appointment, including traveling to the clinic and waiting for your appointment
	RRR (95% CL)	RRR (95% CL)	RRR (95% CL)	RRR (95% CL)	RRR (95% CL)	RRR (95% CL)
Treatment-on-the-treated (TOT, N = 124)
IPV History and Suppressed VLs (n = 32)	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
IPV History and Unsuppressed VLs (n = 24)	1.0 (0.1, 1.1)	1.0 (0.7, 1.5)	1.4 (0.9, 2.1)	1.5 (1.0, 2.9)*	1.7 (1.1, 2.7)*	1.6 (1.0, 2.6)*
No IPV History and Suppressed VLs (n = 39)	0.1 (0.9, 1.0)	0.9 (0.6, 1.3)	1.2 (0.8, 1.6)	0.9 (0.5, 1.4)	1.1 (0.7, 1.7)	0.8 (0.4, 1.3)
No IPV History and Suppressed VLs (n = 29)	1.0 (0.1–1.1)	1.4 (1.0, 2.1)	1.3 (0.9, 1.9)	1.4 (1.0, 2.2)	1.2 (0.8, 1.9)	1.3 (0.8, 2.1)
Intent-to-Treat (ITT) & TOT (N = 150; ITT, n = 26; TOT, n = 124)
IPV History and Suppressed VLs (n = 32)	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
IPV History and Unsuppressed VLs (n = 37)	1.0 (0.1, 1.1)	1.0 (0.7, 1.4)	1.3 (0.9, 1.8)	1.4 (0.9, 2.0)	1.5 (0.9, 2.2)	1.5 (1.0, 2.3)
No IPV History and Suppressed VLs (n = 39)	1.0(0.9, 1.0)	0.9 (0.6, 1.3)	1.1 (0.8, 1.6)	0.8 (0.5, 1.3)	1.1 (0.7, 1.7)	0.7 (0.4, 1.3)
No IPV History and Suppressed VLs (n = 42)	1.0 (1.0, 1.1)	1.3 (0.9, 1.9)	1.2 (0.9, 1.7)	1.4 (1.0, 2.0)	1.3 (0.9, 1.9)	1.2 (0.8, 1.9)

Controlling for age, years of schooling, household wealth, and marital status.

RRR, relative risk ratio; CI, confidence interval; IPV, intimate partner violence; VL, viral load; Ref, reference category.

^*p < .05