Figure 5.

The infected BBB can recruit T cells, monocytes and MoDCs. a, b and c After 7 dpi of hBLECs, CFSE labelled-T cells (a), monocytes (b) or MoDCs (c) were incubated on the apical side of infected-hBLECs during 30 min (for each condition, six independent experiments were analysed from two independent hBLEC infection experiments), cells were rinsed and fixed to analyse number of immune cells bound. Indirect immunofluorescence images show immune cells (LyT, monocytes and MoDCs, in green) and hBLECs nucleus (magenta). Scale bar 50 µm. Box plots represent quantitative analyses of immune cell per field (20x) in CTL, USUV or WNV-infected hBBB (**** p < 0.0001). d CFSE-labelled MoDCs show cell spreading on infected-hBLECs (ZO-1, cyan; nucleus, blue). Scale bar 10 µm. e On WNV-infected BBB (pan-flavivirus in magenta), MoDCs (green) bind to hBLECs (β-catenin, cyan; nucleus, blue) and are displaying change in morphology consistent with cell spreading. Scale bar 10 µm.