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. 2022 Dec 22;13:1086894. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1086894

FIGURE 1.

FIGURE 1

Neither CK2 inhibition, nor use of the apigenin metabolite luteolin, reproduce the interaction with apigenin seen with irinotecan. (A) The CK2 inhibitor emodin does not enhance the upregulation of CD26 by irinotecan. HT-29 cells were treated with irinotecan in the absence or presence of emodin (20 µM) as indicated, and cell-surface CD26 was assessed 48 h afterward. Data are means ± SEM (n = 4); *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, enhancement by emodin; n.s., not significant; #p < 0.05 and ###p < 0.001 enhancement by irinotecan. (B) Luteolin enhances cell-surface CD26 in a dose-dependent manner. Means ± SEM (n = 4); *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 and ***p < 0.001. (C) Luteolin does not enhance the upregulation of CD26 by irinotecan. Means ± SEM (n = 4); **p < 0.01, enhancement by luteolin (30 µM); n.s., not significant; ##p < 0.01 and ###p < 0.001 enhancement by irinotecan.