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. 2023 Jan 6;14:88. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-35714-3

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — a Schematic diagram of Fano interferences between a discrete state and a continuum state. b A transition schematic diagram of the bright exciton (X₀), spin-forbidden dark exciton (D₁), and momentum-forbidden dark exciton (D₂). c Reflection spectra of 1-3L WS₂ (S1) at 4 K. d PL spectra of hexagonal boron nitride encapsulated bilayer WS₂ (S2) under a high numerical aperture (NA = 0.81) and a low numerical aperture (NA = 0.35) objective respectively. The bright exciton energy position is normalized to the exciton absorption energy of S1 (the gray line) to eliminate the small difference between two samples. The data are offset for clarity. e The first Brillouin zone of few-layer WS₂. The wave vector of ΓM is equal to QK.