Table 2.

Medical characteristics (selection of variables from Table 1) and prescription of omeprazole or esomeprazole

	Number (%) of total cases (n = 11,213)	Number (%) of total controls (n = 44,801)
Age, years (median interquartile range)	76 (65;84)	76 (65;84)
Female gender	8074 (72.0)	32,254 (72.0)
Diagnosis
Malignancy	3096 (27.6)	9149 (20.4)
Ischemic heart disease, recent	498 (4.4)	405 (0.9)
Ischemic heart disease, old	1918 (17.1)	6072 (13.6)
Diabetes mellitus	1939 (17.3)	5277 (11.7)
Alcoholism	1764 (15.7)	833 (1.9)
Congestive heart failure	1453 (13.0)	3533 (7.9)
Cerebrovascular disease, recent	218 (1.9)	164 (0.3)
Cerebrovascular disease, old	1299 (11.6)	3410 (7.6)
COPD	1125 (10.0)	1576 (3.5)
Hypothyroidism	1139 (10.2)	1994 (4.5)
Renal disease	489 (4.4)	888 (2.0)
Adrenal insufficiency	460 (4.1)	300 (0.7)
Liver disease	421 (3.8)	332 (0.7)
Pancreatic disease	252 (2.2)	395 (0.9)
IBD	221 (2.0)	444 (0.1)
Medications
Antidepressants	2817 (25.1)	5745 (12.8)
Antipsychotics	772 (6.9)	1096 (2.4)
Antiepileptic drugs	1061 (9.5)	1128 (2.5)
Furosemide	1735 (15.5)	5487 (12.2)
Thiazide diuretics	4364 (38.9)	6103 (13.6)
Lipid-lowering drug	2314 (20.6)	7525 (16.7)
Proxy for frailty
Number of dispensed drugs 90 days prior to index date
< 4 drugs	2215 (19.8)	22,892 (51.1)
4–7 drugs	3421 (30.5)	12,967 (28.9)
8–12 drugs	3558 (31.7)	7010 (15.6)
> 12 drugs	2019 (18.0)	1.932 (4.3)
Number of patients with ≥ 1 hospitalization ≥ 3 days duration	4852 (43.2)	9477 (21.2)
Prescription of PPI
Any PPI	3119 (27.8)	5774 (12.9)
Omeprazole	2628 (23.4)	4841 (10.8)
Esomeprazole	379 (3.4)	529 (1.2)
Omeprazole or esomeprazole	2924 (26)	5323 (11.9)
Other PPIs	238 (2.1)	477 (1.1)

Recent during the 90 days before index date; IBD inflammatory bowel disease, PPI proton pump inhibitors