Murine PPMBC lymphomas are susceptible to immune-therapeutic approaches. A, Schematic depiction of the anti-mCD19scFv-CD28-CD3z CAR construct (27). B, Population sizes of mock- and CAR-transduced T cells isolated from C57BL6/J wild-type spleens and a CD19+ PPMBC lymphoma cell line at the indicated effector:target ratios after 48 hours of coculture after gating for live cells. C, PPMBC mice with a low or high lymphoma-burden [spleen volume 500–700 μL (n = 3) or >700 μL (n = 3), respectively] were treated with a single injection of 2 × 106 anti-mCD19 CAR-T cells. Tumor volume was monitored weekly via MRI and is visualized as fold change from baseline. D, Kaplan–Meier curve showing the overall survival of CAR-T–treated mice and untreated controls. The CAR-T–treated cohort is depicted in total, as well as separated into high and low lymphoma-burden animals. E, MRI-determined tumor volume of PPMBC animals treated with an anti–PD-L1 (n = 7), displayed as fold change from baseline. Untreated animals (n = 8) served as controls. F, Kaplan–Meier curve showing the overall survival of anti–PD-L1-treated mice (n = 7) and untreated controls (n = 8). *, P ≤ 0.05; **, P ≤ 0.01; log-rank test.