Table 7.

Comparison of normalized SARS-CoV-2 by PMMoV, B2M, and FIB for grab (n = 24) versus composite samples produced in the laboratory from samples collected from the wastewater source each hour (Experiments 1-3B). p values of the one-sample t-test <0.05 indicate that the mean of the grab samples was statistically different than the value of the corresponding composite sample.

Normalized Molecular and Microbial Targets	SARS-CoV-2/PMMoV	SARS-CoV-2/B2M	SARS-CoV-2/FC
Sample Type	Experiment 1B - Building Scale
Grab Average (n = 24)	4.24 × 10−4	5.12 × 10−1	1.57
Grab Median	3.26 × 10−5	5.75 × 10−3	8.28 × 10−4
Grab Range (min – max)	1.67 × 10−6-7.97 × 10−3	3.48 × 10−4-1.08 × 101	2.77 × 10−5-2.07 × 101
Grab Std. Dev.	1.62 × 10−3	2.21	4.85
Composite 1B	1.12 × 10−2	4.44 × 10−2	2.37 × 10−4
One-Sample t-test (p-value: two-tailed)	0.353⁎⁎	0.310⁎⁎	0.178⁎⁎
Sample Type	Experiment 2B - Cluster Scale
Grab Average (n = 24)	2.10 × 10−3	2.85 × 10−1	9.88
Grab Median	1.48 × 10−3	1.70 × 10−1	1.55 × 10−2
Grab Range (min – max)	3.83 × 10−4-9.85 × 10−3	4.83 × 10−2-1.48	1.30 × 10−3-1.65 × 102
Grab Std. Dev.	2.15 × 10−3	3.15 × 10−1	3.61 × 101
Composite 2B	2.49 × 10−3	3.29 × 10−1	4.65 × 10−3
One-Sample t-test (p-value: two-tailed)	0.384⁎⁎	0.496⁎⁎	0.009
Sample Type	Experiment 3B - Community Scale
Grab Average (n = 24)	6.41 × 10−5	3.45 × 10−2	1.00 × 10−4
Grab Median	4.84 × 10−5	3.30 × 10−2	7.18 × 10−5
Grab Range (min – max)	9.32 × 10−6-3.33 × 10−4	7.09 × 10−3-1.15 × 10−1	1.11 × 10−5-5.02 × 10−4
Grab Std. Dev.	6.32 × 10−5	2.13 × 10−2	9.90 × 10−5
Composite 3B	7.01 × 10−5	5.17 × 10−2	2.76 × 10−5
WWTP Composite	5.12 × 10−5	3.13 × 10−2	3.83 × 10−5
One-Sample t-test (p-value: two-tailed) – Composite 3B	0.643⁎⁎	<0.001	0.002
One-Sample t-test (p-value: two-tailed) – WWTP Composite	0.328⁎⁎	0.477⁎⁎	0.005

^⁎⁎denotes statistical equivalency between grab and composite sample types by one-sample t-tests.