| ABCG2 | ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 |
| AKT | protein kinase B |
| ARID1A | AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 1A |
| ATM | ATM serine/threonine kinase |
| ATP | adenosine triphosphate |
| Bax | bcl-2-like protein 4 apoptosis regulator |
| Bcl-2 | B-cell lymphoma 2 apoptosis regulator |
| Bcl-xL | B-cell lymphoma-extra large apoptosis regulator |
| BRAF | B-Raf proto-oncogene |
| BRCA | breast cancer suppressor gene |
| CADM1 | cell adhesion molecule 1 coding gene |
| CAR-T | chimeric antigen receptor T cells |
| CCDC170 | coiled-coil domain containing 170 coding gene |
| CDH1 | cadherin-1 coding gene |
| CFTR | cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator coding gene |
| c-KIT | tyrosine-protein kinase KIT |
| COX-2 | cyclooxygenase-2 |
| CXCL | the chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand |
| CXCR | CXC chemokine receptor |
| CYP2C19 | cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily C member 19 coding gene |
| EGF | epithelial growth factor |
| EGFR | epithelial growth factor receptor |
| EMA | mucin-1 |
| EMT | epithelial-mesenchymal transition |
| EpCAM | epithelial cell adhesion molecule |
| ER-α | estrogen receptor alpha |
| ER-β | estrogen receptor beta |
| ERK | extracellular signal-regulated kinase |
| ESR1 | estrogen receptor 1 coding gene |
| FIGO | the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics |
| FoxP3 | forkhead box P3 protein (scurfin) |
| FSHB | follicle stimulating hormone subunit beta coding gene |
| GATA | member of the GATA family of transcription factors |
| GREB1 | growth regulating estrogen receptor binding 1 coding gene |
| GTP | guanosine-5’-triphosphate |
| HIF-1α | hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha |
| HOXA10 | homeobox protein Hox-A10 |
| IGF | insulin-like growth factor |
| IFN-γ | interferon gamma |
| JAK3 | Janus kinase-3 |
| JNK | c-Jun N-terminal kinase |
| KRAS | Kirsten rat sarcoma virus protein |
| MAPK | mitogen-activated protein kinase |
| MLH-1 | MutL homolog 1 |
| MMP | metalloproteinase |
| MSI-1 | Musashi homolog-1 |
| mTOR | the mammalian target of rapamycin |
| NANOG | homeobox protein NANOG |
| NF-κB | nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells |
| NOD | non-obese diabetic mice |
| NOTCH | family of type-1 transmembrane proteins |
| NRAS | neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog |
| NR5A1 | nuclear receptor subfamily 5 group A member 1 |
| NUMB | protein numb homolog |
| OCT-4 | octamer-binding transcription factor 4 |
| PAH | phenylalanine hydroxylase coding gene |
| PDGFR | platelet-derived growth factor receptor |
| PI3K | phosphoinositide 3-kinase |
| PTEN | phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten |
| PYCARD | PYD And CARD domain containing coding gene |
| RARB | retinoic acid receptor beta coding gene |
| rASRM | revised American Society of Reproductive Medicine score |
| RB1 | RB transcriptional co-repressor 1 gene |
| RET | “rearranged during transfection” proto-oncogene |
| SALL4 | sal-like protein-4 |
| SCF | Skp, Cullin, F-box containing complex |
| SCID | severe combined immune deficient mice |
| SMO | Smoothened protein coding gene |
| SOX-2 | sex determining region Y-box 2 |
| SSEA-4 | stage specific embryo antigen-4 |
| STAT3 | signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 |
| STRO-1 | protein marker of mesenchymal stem cells |
| TCLA1 | TCL1 family AKT co-activator A |
| TGF-β | transforming growth factor beta |
| TNF-α | tumor necrosis factor alpha |
| TP53 | transcription factor protein p53 |
| WNT4 | Wnt family member 4 coding gene |