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. 2022 Dec 24;15(1):110. doi: 10.3390/cancers15010110

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Specific transcription factors drive normal pituitary cell differentiation during development. Pituitary stem cells differentiate into five specialized, endocrine hormone-producing cell types: corticotrophs (ACTH), somatotrophs (GH), lactotrophs (prolactin), thyrotroph (TSH), and gonadotrophs (LH and FSH). Pituitary cell differentiation requires a complex cascade of transcription factors, many of which are still in the process of being identified. Only select transcription factors are highlighted in this diagram.