Table 1.
№ | 2n ♂/♀ | System of Sex Chromosomes ♂/♀ | Morphology of w/W Sex Chromosomes | Mode of Reproduction, O/V (Ovi-/Viviparous) | Localities | Species, Subspecies, Chromosomal Forms |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
The first group of karyotype | ||||||
1. | 36A/36A | ZZ/Zw | M | O | Central, southwestern Europe |
Z. vivipara, now Z. carniolica |
2. | 36A/36A | ZZ/Zw | M | V | Central Europe |
Z. vivipara, now Z. vivipara Hungarian form |
The second group of karyotype | ||||||
3. | 36A/35 (34A + 1 A/ST) |
Z1Z1Z2Z2/Z1Z2W | A, ST | O | Western Europe |
Z. vivipara, now Z. v. louislantzi Pyrenean form |
4. | 36A/35 (34 A + 1 A/ST) |
Z1Z1Z2Z2/Z1Z2W | A/ST | V | Central Europe |
Z. vivipara, now Z. vivipara Austrian form? |
5. | 36A/35 (34A + 1 SV) |
Z1Z1Z2Z2/Z1Z2W | SV/ST | V | Central Europe | Z. vivipara, now Z. vivipara Romanian form |
6. | 36A/35 (34A + 1 A/ST) |
Z1Z1Z2Z2/Z1Z2W | A/ST | V | Eastern Europe, eastern Baltic region, Asia |
Z. vivipara, now Z. vivipara Eastern (Russian) form |
7. | 36A/35 (34A + 1 SV) |
Z1Z1Z2Z2/Z1Z2W | SV | V | Western, Central Europe, Baltic region |
Z. vivipara, now Z. vivipara Western form |
Characteristics of Z. vivipara: karyotype and system of sex chromosomes: ZZ/Zw—simple system; ZZ1ZZ2/Z1Z2W—multiple sex chromosome system; shape and morphology of w/W sex chromosomes: w—microchromosome, W—macrochromosome; A—acrocentric, ST—subtelocentric, SV—submetacentric; reproductive modality: O—oviparous; V—viviparous; distribution area.