Table 2.
SF-3–030 Pretreatment Modulates Gene Expression Profile in the Murine Lung
| Gene | Annotation | Function | Fold Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| A. Group 1: Genes Upregulated by HDM and Inhibited by SF-3–030 | |||
| Lymphocyte function | |||
| Ly6d | Lymphocyte antigen 6 family member D | Early or pre–B-cell specification | −8.02 |
| Vpreb | V-set-pre-B-cell surrogate light chain 1 | −3.45 | |
| Trav6-3 | T-cell receptor α variable 6-3 | T-cell receptor function | −3.47 |
| Trav12-2 | T-cell receptor α variable 12-2 | −8.21 | |
| Trbv3 | T-cell receptor β variable 3 | −6.13 | |
| Trbv15 | T-cell receptor β variable 15 | −17.97 | |
| Trbv16 | T-cell receptor β variable 16 | −5.44 | |
| Traj7 | T-cell receptor α joining 7 | −2.81 | |
| Regulation of inflammation | |||
| Rnase2b | RNase A family member 2 | Mouse ortholog of human RNAse2 for eosinophil-derived neurotoxin | −53.39 |
| Slamf7 | SLAM family member 7 | Proinflammatory function in macrophages/monocytes | −2.68 |
| Flt3 | Fms-related receptor tyrosine kinase 3 | Expansion of DC populations | −2.15 |
| Apol7c | Apolipoprotein L 7c | Associated with maturing CD8α DCs | −6.6 |
| Apol9a | Apolipoprotein L 9a | −3.69 | |
| Clec4n | C-type lectin domain containing 4N | Mouse ortholog encodes dectin-2, which regulates TH2 and TH17 differentiation | −3.34 |
| Aoah | Acyloxyacyl hydrolase | Responsiveness to lipopolysaccharides | −2.02 |
| Cxcr1 | C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 1 | Recruitment of monocytes, neutrophils, and mast cells | −5.52 |
| Cxcr3 | C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 3 | Recruitment of lymphocytes | −3.67 |
| Ccl19 | C-C motif chemokine ligand 19 | −5.10 | |
| Xcr1 | X-C motif chemokine receptor 1 | Recruitment of CD103+ and CD8α DCs | −2.06 |
| Nlrp1a | NLR family pyrin domain containing 1 | Regulation of inflammasome | −13.72 |
| Ifi205 | IFN-activated gene 205 | Regulation of inflammasome | −3.49 |
| Ifi211 | IFN-activated gene 211 | Regulation of inflammasome | −2.76 |
| Airway remodeling and cell proliferation | |||
| Btnl4 | Butyrophilin-like 4 | Epithelial regulation of T-cell function | −7.92 |
| Btnl6 | Butyrophilin-like 6 | −21.13 | |
| Gal3st2 | Galactose-2-O-sulfotransferase 2 | Epithelial xenobiotic metabolism signaling | −19.63 |
| Kcnn4 | Potassium intermediate/small conductance calcium-activated channel, subfamily N, Member 4 | Involved in airway smooth muscle proliferation | −2.13 |
| Fga | Fibrinogen α | Proteinase-induced expression of epithelial cells | −14.93 |
| Itih4 | Inter-α-trypsin heavy chain 4 | Linked with inflammatory trauma | −2.02 |
| Eln | Elastin | Component of extracellular matrix | −2.89 |
| Cilp | Cartilage intermediate layer protein | Extracellular matrix glycoprotein | −2.25 |
| Cep85 | Centrosomal protein 85 | Cell cycle progression | −7.69 |
| Hormad2 | HORMA domain containing 2 | Meiotic cell cycle | −6.22 |
| B. Group 2: Genes Upregulated by HDM Further Upregulated by SF-3–030 | |||
| Promotion of immune tolerance | |||
| Bank1 | B-cell scaffold protein with ankyrin repeats 1 | Promotion of immune tolerance | 2.06 |
| Fcgr2b | Fc fragment of IgG receptor IIb | 2.09 | |
| Cd300lf | CD300 molecule-like family member F | 2.14 | |
| Cd83 | CD83 molecule | Immunosuppressive receptor | 2.18 |
| Il1rn | IL-1 receptor antagonist | Immunosuppression through regulation of IL-1 receptor | 2.43 |
| Inhba | Inhibin subunit β-A | Antiinflammatory role | 2.70 |
| Rnf128 | Ring finger protein 128 | Encodes GRAIL which promotes T-cell anergy | 2.35 |
| Cfi | Complement factor I | Regulates complement system | 2.49 |
| Slamf6 | SLAM family member 6 | Regulates expansion of humoral responses | 2.82 |
| Mir155hg | MIR155 host gene | Promotes M1 macrophage populations | 3.10 |
| Saa4 | Serum amyloid A protein 4 | Immune regulation and homeostatic functions | 3.71 |
| Pianp | PILR α Associated Neural Protein | 7.48 | |
| Inflammatory genes potentiated by SF-3–030 | |||
| Ccl8 | C-C motif chemokine ligand 8 | Recruits monocyte and other immune cells | 5.08 |
| Cxcl13 | C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 13 | Recruitment of B cells | 5.74 |
| Ccl11 | C-C motif chemokine ligand 11 | Encodes eotaxin-1, which recruits eosinophils | 8.54 |
| Mcpt1 | Mast cell protease 1 | Mast cell inflammatory functions | 14.76 |
| Mcpt2 | Mast cell protease 2 | 11.76 | |
| Arg1 | Arginase 1 | IL-13– and IL-4–dependent genes | 6.88 |
| Gatm | Glycine amidinotransferase | 4.93 | |
| Serpina3 g | Serine protease inhibitor A3G | 8.26 | |
| Tff1 | Trefoil factor 1 | Marker for transdifferentiated mucus-secreting cells | 14.71 |
| Itln1 | Intelectin 1 | Associated with mucus and eosinophilic inflammation | 23.02 |
| Col24a1 | Collage type XXIV α 1 chain | Collagen | 3.40 |
| Col6a5 | Collagen type VI α 5 chain | 20.71 | |
| Airway remodeling and cell proliferation | |||
| Clca3a2 | Chloride channel accessory 3A2 | Human homolog of Clca2 and regulates cell proliferation | 2.18 |
| Gas2l3 | Growth arrest-specific 2-like 3 | Promotes stabilization of cytoskeletal network | 2.04 |
| Prnd | Prion-like protein doppel | Neovascularization | 2.20 |
| Hk3 | Hexokinase 3 | Protective against oxidative stress | 2.52 |
| C. Group 3: Genes Downregulated by HDM and Upregulated by SF-3–030 | |||
| Rspo4 | R-Spondin 4 | Regulation of ERK signaling | 6.58 |
| Tpd52l1 | TPD52-like 1 | Involved in MAPK/ASC mediated cellular apoptosis | 2.60 |
| Apob | Apolipoprotein B | Major protein constituent of chylomicrons | 4.39 |
Total RNA was harvested from murine lungs, and the mRNA profile was determined using RNA sequencing. Genes are categorized on the basis of modulation between HDM and SF-3–030 in three groups: genes upregulated by HDM (A) that were downregulated by SF-3–030 or (B) further upregulated by SF-3–030, and (C) genes downregulated by HDM and upregulated by SF-3–030. n = 3–4.