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. 2022 Dec 22;15(1):52. doi: 10.3390/cancers15010052

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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(A) Classification of the different types of galectins: prototype (Gal-1, -2, -5,-7,- 20,-11, -13, -14, -15 and -16), chimeric type (Gal-3), tandem-repeat type (Gal-4, -6,-8,-9 and -12). Prototype galectins have one CRD that can dimerize; tandem-repeat galectins have two different CRDs (red and blue colors are used to distinguish them) linked by a linker domain; chimera-type galectin (Gal-3) has a single C-terminal CRD and a N-terminal oligomerization domain. (B) Gal-3 oligomerization: upon oligosaccharide binding by the C-terminal domain, the non-lectin domains of Gal-3 oligomerize, thereby cross-linking ligands of the cell surface.