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. 2022 Dec 20;15(1):23. doi: 10.3390/cancers15010023

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Representative epigenetic modifications in NASH and HCC. DNMT1 is essential for maintaining DNA methylation and is upregulated in NASH. Several genes have their promoter methylated in NASH and HCC. Other histone and mark modifications are involved in HCC, which are necessary to sustain tumor growth. Abbreviations: APC, adenomatosis polyposis coli; CCL20, C-C motif chemokine ligand 20; CDKN2A, cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A; DNMT1, DNA methyltransferase 1; EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor; ESR1, estrogen receptor 1; IGF2, insulin-like growth factor 2; Gnmt; glycine N-methyltransferase; NQO1, NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1; MOF, males absent on the first; PNPLA3, patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3; PPARG, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma; PPARGC1A, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1-alpha; RASSF1, ras association domain family member 1; SMAD6, SMAD family member 6; USP22, ubiquitin-specific protease 22.