Table 4.
Multivariate analysis of poor prognostic factors for OS, DFS, LRFS, and DMFS in OSCC patients.
| OS | DFS | LRFS | DMFS | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | HR (95% CI) | p-Value | HR (95% CI) | p-Value | HR (95% CI) | p-Value | HR (95% CI) | p-Value |
| Age (years) | ||||||||
| <65 | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||||
| ≥65 | 1.023 | <0.001 * | 1.018 | <0.001 * | 1.018 | <0.001 * | 1.022 | <0.001 * |
| (1.014–1.032) | (1.009–1.027) | (1.010–1.027) | (1.013–1.031) | |||||
| Gender | ||||||||
| Female | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||||
| Male | 0.823 | 0.257 | 0.780 | 0.126 | 0.783 | 0.132 | 0.824 | 0.260 |
| (0.588–1.153) | (0.567–1.073) | (0.569–1.077) | (0.589–1.154) | |||||
| Overall Stage | ||||||||
| I–II | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||||
| III–IV | 1.460 | 0.025 * | 1.292 | 0.111 | 1.290 | 0.114 | 1.459 | 0.026 * |
| (1.047–2.036) | (0.943–1.770) | (0.941–1.769) | (1.046–2.034) | |||||
| ENE | ||||||||
| Absent | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||||
| Present | 2.004 | <0.001 * | 1.961 | <0.001 * | 1.963 | <0.001 * | 2.024 | <0.001 * |
| (1.551–2.589) | (1.530–2.514) | (1.531–2.516) | (1.565–2.617) | |||||
| Surgical margin | ||||||||
| <5 mm | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||||
| ≥5 mm | 1.013$$%(0.816–1.256) | 0.910 | 0.997$$%(0.810–1.227) | 0.975 | 0.994$$%(0.807–1.224) | 0.953 | 1.013$$%(0.816–1.257) | 0.904 |
| DOI | ||||||||
| <10 mm | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||||
| ≥10 mm | 1.468 | 0.004 * | 1.359 | 0.017 * | 1.370 | 0.014 * | 1.467 | 0.004 * |
| (1.126–1.915) | (1.055–1.750) | (1.064–1.764) | (1.124–1.913) | |||||
| Cell Differentiation | ||||||||
| W-D/M-D | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||||
| P-D | 1.117 | 0.456 | 1.169 | 0.275 | 1.184 | 0.237 | 1.126 | 0.426 |
| (0.834–1.497) | (0.883–1.546) | (0.895–1.566) | (0.841–1.509) | |||||
| PNI | ||||||||
| Absent | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||||
| Present | 1.160 | 0.221 | 1.092 | 0.452 | 1.088 | 0.468 | 1.144 | 0.268 |
| (0.914–1.472) | (0.868–1.373) | (0.865–1.369) | (0.901–1.453) | |||||
| LVI | ||||||||
| Absent | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||||
| Present | 0.873 | 0.458 | 0.893 | 0.525 | 0.881 | 0.477 | 0.880 | 0.485 |
| (0.609–1.251) | (0.630–1.266) | (0.622–1.249) | (0.614–1.261) | |||||
| Adjuvant tx | ||||||||
| Without | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||||
| With | 1.055 | 0.751 | 1.174 | 0.326 | 1.170 | 0.337 | 1.056 | 0.749 |
| (0.757–1.472) | (0.852–1.617) | (0.849–1.613) | (0.757–1.472) | |||||
| PIV | ||||||||
| <268 | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||||
| ≥268 | 1.281 | 0.027 * | 1.165 | 0.157 | 1.159 | 0.170 | 1.274 | 0.031 * |
| (1.027–1.596) | (0.943–1.438) | (0.939–1.432) | (1.022–1.588) | |||||
Abbreviations: OS: overall survival; DFS: disease-free survival; LRFS: locoregional recurrence-free survival; DMFS: distance metastasis-free survival; HR: hazard ratio; CI: confidence interval; ENE, extranodal extension; DOI, depth of invasion; W-D: well-differentiated, M-D: moderately differentiated, and P-D: poorly differentiated; PNI, perineural invasion; LVI, lymphovascular invasion; Adjuvant tx: radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy; PIV: pan-immune-inflammation value; * Statistically significant.