Table 5.

Metabolism of α-linolenic acid produces several oxylipins with a diverse set of putative functions.

Oxylipin	CAS Number	CYPs/Enzymes	References	Effects	References
9,10-EpODE	N/A	2B6	[8]	Significantly increased in male rats treated with ibuprofen	[157]
12,13-EpODE	N/A	unknown		Significantly increased in male rats treated with ibuprofen	[157]
15,16-EpODE	N/A	2B6	[8]	Significantly increased in male rats treated with ibuprofen	[157]
9,10-DiHODE	N/A	sEH	[1]	Found at decreased concentrations in hyperlipidemic men vs. normolipidemic men Lower levels in pregnant women have been associated with increase in preterm delivery before 34 weeks Higher in corpus lutea in pregnant cattle	[156,158,159]
12,13-DiHODE	N/A	sEH	[1]	Found at decreased concentrations in hyperlipidemic men vs. normolipidemic men	[156]
15,16-DiHODE	N/A	sEH	[1]	Found at decreased concentrations in hyperlipidemic men vs. normolipidemic men Higher in corpus lutea in pregnant cattle	[156,158]
9-HpOTrE	111004-08-1	2B6	[8]	unknown
13-HpOTrE	67597-26-6	2B6	[8]	Inactivate the NLRP3 inflammasome	[160]
9-HOTrE	89886-42-0	2B6	[8]	Increased concentrations in patients with perioperative dry eye syndrome Reduced lipid droplet accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes	[162,164]
13-HOTrE	87984-82-5	2B6	[8]	Inactivate the NLRP3 inflammasome Increased concentrations in patients with perioperative dry eye syndrome Reduced lipid droplet accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes Increase SREBF1, SREBF2, and FASN gene expression in C2C12 murine skeletal muscle cells	[160,162,163,164]
9-oxoOTrE	125559-74-2	dehydrogenase	[1]	Shows antimicrobial activity in plants	[165]
13-oxoOTrE	N/A	dehydrogenase	[1]	unknown