Table 5.
Congestion and quality of life.
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commuting | Life Happy | Life Happy | Economic Happy | Economic Happy | |
| Congestion index | 27.13 *** | −0.378 | −0.497 * | −0.937 *** | −1.011 *** |
| (8.156) | (0.234) | (0.287) | (0.230) | (0.281) | |
| Age | 0.350 *** | 0.00498 * | 0.00213 | 0.00250 | 0.000582 |
| (0.0968) | (0.00277) | (0.00295) | (0.00272) | (0.00290) | |
| Marriage | −6.573 *** | 0.254 *** | 0.240 *** | 0.0482 | 0.0301 |
| (2.291) | (0.0653) | (0.0701) | (0.0643) | (0.0690) | |
| Man | −2.548 | −0.121 ** | −0.129 ** | −0.0711 | −0.0991 * |
| (1.743) | (0.0499) | (0.0531) | (0.0489) | (0.0521) | |
| Ln (income) | 0.598 | 0.0756 ** | 0.109 *** | 0.179 *** | 0.213 *** |
| (1.130) | (0.0323) | (0.0355) | (0.0319) | (0.0351) | |
| Education | 1.702 *** | 0.0346 *** | 0.0285 ** | 0.0554 *** | 0.0512 *** |
| (0.384) | (0.0110) | (0.0117) | (0.0108) | (0.0115) | |
| Ln (per GDP) | −0.171 * | 0.0229 | |||
| (0.0942) | (0.0924) | ||||
| Ln (house price) | −0.111 | −0.237 *** | |||
| (0.0818) | (0.0805) | ||||
| Ln (population) | 0.179 *** | 0.178 *** | |||
| (0.0476) | (0.0469) | ||||
| Constant | −39.19 ** | ||||
| (17.99) | |||||
| Industry dummy | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Work location | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Observations | 2152 | 2150 | 1916 | 2150 | 1916 |
| R-squared | 0.238 |
Notes: *** p < 0.01, ** p < 0.05, * p < 0.1. The congestion index is from Gaode, a map service company, which publishes a daily traffic congestion index for 100 cities.