Table 2.
Demographic characteristics of study participants.
| Demographic Characteristic | Mean (SD) |
|---|---|
| Age | 28.15 (5.01) |
| BMI (preconception) | 23.09 (2.99) |
| Demographic Characteristic | N (%) |
| Governorate | |
| North | 3 (5.56%) |
| Bekaa | 3 (5.56%) |
| Nabatiyeh | 4 (7.41%) |
| South | 14 (25.93%) |
| Mount Lebanon | 16 (29.63%) |
| Beirut | 14 (25.93%) |
| Level of education | |
| Illiterate | 1 (1.85%) |
| Primary | 2 (3.70%) |
| Intermediate | 2 (3.70%) |
| Secondary | 4 (7.41%) |
| Technical | 4 (7.41%) |
| University | 41 (75.93%) |
| Work | |
| Yes | 24 (45.28%) |
| Medication Use | |
| Yes | 10 (17.54%) medical conditions reported included anemia, hyperthyroidism, bacteremia, and venous insufficiency |
| Supplementation Use | |
| Yes | 45 (78.95%) mainly multivitamin, folic acid, iron, calcium, and vitamin D |
| Complications during pregnancy | |
| Yes | 16 (28.07%) |
| Workup in dentures | |
| Yes | 10 (18.52%) mean number of teeth with amalgam 3.9 (SD = 1.57) |
| Alcohol Consumption | |
| No | 54 (98.18%) |
| Smoking before pregnancy | |
| Yes | 18 (31.6%) |
| Smoking during pregnancy | |
| Yes | 7 (13%) |
| Smoking in Household | |
| Yes | 20 (35.71%) |
| Exposed to smoking randomly | |
| Yes | 37 (69.81%) |
| Smoking exposure at work | |
| Yes | 2 (4.08%) |
Note. Data are presented as mean ± SD for continuous variables and N (%) for categorical variables.