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. 2022 Dec 28;20(1):524. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20010524

Table 3.

Mean and SD of pre and post inflammatory biomarker measures of VRE, IKE, and conventional groups.

Sr. No Variable VRE IKE Conventional F-Score p -Value
1 CRP
mg/L
Pre 1.56 ± 0.3 1.58 ± 0.4 1.57 ± 0.4 818.79 0.985 *
Post 0.4 ± 0.08 0.9 ± 0.07 1.3 ± 0.06 0.001 **
2 TNF-α
pg/mL
Pre 16.6 ± 0.7 16.2 ± 0.5 16.5 ± 0.6 1017.44 0.103 *
Post 7.7 ± 0.5 10.2 ± 0.6 15.2 ± 0.5 0.001 **
3 IL-2
pg/mL
Pre 12.3 ± 0.5 12.1 ± 0.6 12.3 ± 0.4 208.83 0.360 *
Post 15.8 ± 0.5 14.8 ± 0.6 12.6 ± 0.4 0.001 **
4 IL-4
pg/mL
Pre 39.5 ± 3.6 39.3 ± 3.7 39.2 ± 3.6 103.55 0.965 *
Post 65.3 ± 5.6 59.2 ± 4.9 44.3 ± 3.5 0.001 **
5 IL-6
pg/mL
Pre 5.5 ± 0.5 5.4 ± 0.4 5.7 ± 0.6 329.75 0.171 *
Post 1.9 ± 0.3 3.5 ± 0.4 4.9 ± 0.4 0.001 **

* non-significant, ** significant, CRP—C-reactive protein, TNF-α—tumor necrosing factor, IL—interleukin, VRE—virtual reality exercise, IKE—isokinetic exercise.