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. 2022 Dec 27;20(1):435. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20010435

Table 1.

Estimated daily intake (EDI), estimated target hazard quotients (THQ), total estimated hazard quotient (TTHQ) and carcinogenic risk of the most consumed vegetables (fruits and vegetables) for individual metals from vegetables consumption.

Fish Species Hg Cd As Pb As * Pb *
EDI+ THQ EDI+ THQ EDI+ THQ EDI+ THQ TTHQ CR CR
Medio Atrato
Fruits-Tubers
Colocasia esculenta 0.021 0.128 0.008 0.052 0.077 0.021 0.232 0.063 0.264 6.356 × 10−7 1.894 × 10−6
Oryza sativa 0.021 0.129 0.011 0.070 0.051 0.014 0.007 0.002 0.215 4.199 × 10−7 6.324 × 10−8
Alibertia patinoi 0.006 0.041 0.001 0.011 0.356 0.097 0.007 0.002 0.151 2.908 × 10−6 6.198 × 10−8
Musa × paradisiaca 0.013 0.080 0.006 0.036 0.018 0.004 0.024 0.006 0.126 1.486 × 10−7 2.023 × 10−7
Musa balbisiana 0.012 0.073 0.090 0.543 0.024 0.006 0.039 0.010 0.632 6.467 × 10−5 2.026 × 10−7
Cocos nucifera 0.035 0.021 0.008 0.049 0.007 0.002 0.012 0.003 0.075 6.333 × 10−8 1.012 × 10−7
Citrus aurantifolia 0.001 0.004 Nd Nd Nd Nd Nd Nd 0.004 Nd Nd
Musa sp 0.027 0.163 0.009 0.055 0.109 0.029 0.092 0.025 0.272 8.903 × 10−7 7.577 × 10−7
Musa sapientum 0.019 0.117 0.006 0.039 0.062 0.017 0.027 0.007 0.180 5.073 × 10−7 2.206 × 10−7
Solanum sessilliflorum 0.014 0.084 0.034 0.208 0.011 0.003 0.018 0.005 0.300 9.500 × 10−8 1.518 × 10−7
Zea mays 0.011 0.067 0.003 0.018 0.109 0.029 0.012 0.003 0.117 8.918 × 10−7 1.012 × 10−7
Dioscorea trifida 0.020 0.122 0.007 0.045 0.019 0.005 0.030 0.008 0.180 1.567 × 10−7 2.504 × 10−7
Carica papaya 0.004 0.302 0.040 0.243 0.034 0.009 0.034 0.009 0.563 2.795 × 10−7 2.851 × 10−7
Manihot esculenta 0.012 0.074 0.006 0.038 0.016 0.004 0.026 0.007 0.123 1.330 × 10−7 2.215 × 10−7
Vegetables-Stems
Eryngium foetidum 0.015 0.090 0.007 0.042 0.014 0.054 0.028 0.007 0.193 4.447 × 10−7 2.285 × 10−7
Ocimum campechianum 0.047 0.028 0.022 0.132 0.221 0.060 0.126 0.034 0.254 1.806 × 10−6 1.032 × 10−6
Origanum vulgare 0.018 0.110 0.010 0.065 0.063 0.017 0.028 0.007 0.199 5.143 × 10−7 2.338 × 10−7
Saccharum officinalis 0.015 0.094 Nd Nd Nd Nd Nd Nd 0.094 Nd Nd
Bojayá
Fruits-tubers
Colocasia esculenta 0.014 0.088 0.401 2.405 0.231 0.063 0.034 0.009 2.565 1.887 × 10−6 2.782 × 10−7
Musa balbisiana 0.013 0.081 0.037 0.225 0.023 0.006 0.038 0.010 0.322 1.948 × 10−7 3.112 × 10−7
Manihot esculenta 0.013 0.083 0.012 0.075 0.075 0.020 0.025 0.006 0.184 6.166 × 10−7 2.042 × 10−7
Musa × paradisiaca 0.011 0.068 0.019 0.114 0.099 0.027 0.023 0.006 0.215 8.137 × 10−7 1.945 × 10−7
Citrus aurantifolia 0.002 0.013 0.860 0.476 0.093 0.025 0.008 0.002 0.516 7.591 × 10−7 6.566 × 10−8
Alibertia patinoi 0.003 0.018 0.001 0.010 0.011 0.003 0.007 0.002 0.033 9.258 × 10−8 5.958 × 10−8
Musa sp 0.022 0.136 0.008 0.053 0.022 0.006 0.036 0.009 0.204 1.856 × 10−7 2.967 × 10−7
Solanum sessilliflorum 0.010 0.065 0.033 0.203 0.011 0.003 0.017 0.004 0.275 9.138 × 10−8 1.459 × 10−7
Zingiber officinale 0.004 0.024 0.005 0.034 0.022 0.006 0.001 0.001 0.065 1.873 × 10−7 1.605 × 10−8
Vigía del fuerte
Fruits-tubers
Colocasia esculenta 0.019 0.118 Nd Nd Nd Nd Nd Nd 0.118 Nd Nd
Oryza sativa 0.002 0.015 0.001 0.011 0.057 0.015 0.007 0.002 0.043 4.653 × 10−7 6.191 × 10−8
Citrus aurantifolia 0.001 0.003 Nd Nd Nd Nd Nd Nd 0.003 Nd Nd
Musa balbisiana 0.015 0.090 0.009 0.057 0.024 0.006 0.038 0.010 0.163 1.984 × 10−7 3.170 × 10−7
Zea mays 0.005 0.032 0.002 0.017 0.075 0.020 0.012 0.003 0.072 6.120 × 10−7 9.906 × 10−8
Musa sp 0.014 0.087 0.009 0.054 0.107 0.029 0.037 0.026 0.196 8.757 × 10−7 7.747 × 10−7
Musa × paradisiaca 0.012 0.073 0.005 0.035 0.215 0.059 0.024 0.006 0.173 1.759 × 10−6 1.981 × 10−7
Manihot esculenta 0.019 0.116 0.033 0.199 0.170 0.046 0.025 0.006 0.367 1.390 × 10−6 2.080 × 10−7
Solanum sessilliflorum 0.007 0.047 0.020 0.121 0.070 0.019 0.029 0.008 0.195 5.717 × 10−7 2.426 × 10−7
Vegetables-Stems
Ocimum campechianum 0.029 0.176 0.024 0.148 0.199 0.054 0.008 0.002 0.380 1.626 × 10−6 6.934 × 10−8
Eryngium foetidum 0.006 0.040 0.004 0.028 0.052 0.014 0.003 0.001 0.083 4.309 × 10−7 2.476 × 10−8
Origanum vulgare 0.007 0.043 0.005 0.031 0.051 0.014 0.006 0.001 0.089 4.173 × 10−7 1.486 × 10−8
Ocimum basilicum L. 0.015 0.092 0.002 0.012 0.175 0.048 0.042 0.011 0.163 1.434 × 10−6 3.443 × 10−7
Minthostachys mollis 0.006 0.041 Nd Nd Nd Nd Nd Nd 0.041 Nd Nd
Basella rubra var 0.009 0.055 0.001 0.005 0.012 0.003 0.003 0.001 0.064 1.012 × 10−7 2.972 × 10−8
Saccharum officinalis 0.014 0.085 Nd Nd Nd Nd Nd Nd 0.085 Nd Nd
Murindó
Fruits-tubers
Colocasia esculenta 0.032 0.192 0.138 0.832 0.251 0.068 0.036 0.009 1.101 2.047 × 10−6 2.962 × 10−7
Musa balbisiana 0.068 0.412 0.009 0.059 0.064 0.017 0.040 0.012 0.500 5.274 × 10−7 3.314 × 10−7
Musa sapientum 0.029 0.174 0.006 0.040 0.062 0.017 0.027 0.007 0.238 5.100 × 10−7 2.258 × 10−7
Musa × paradisiaca 0.016 0.099 0.011 0.068 0.231 0.063 0.025 0.006 0.236 1.885 × 10−6 2.071 × 10−7
Manihot esculenta 0.024 0.147 0.220 1.322 0.122 0.033 0.026 0.007 1.509 9.967 × 10−7 2.175 × 10−7
Citrus aurantifolia 0.001 0.003 Nd Nd Nd Nd Nd Nd 0.003 Nd Nd
Alibertia patinoi 0.003 0.022 0.006 0.037 0.011 0.003 0.007 0.002 0.064 9. 679 × 10−8 6.344 × 10−8
Zea mays 0.006 0.041 0.004 0.028 0.077 0.021 0.012 0.003 0.093 6.322 × 10−7 1.035 × 10−7
Vegetables-stems
Eryngium foetidum 0.007 0.043 0.002 0.012 0.057 0.015 0.003 0.001 0.071 4.661 × 10−7 2.589 × 10−8
Ocimum basilicum L. 0.014 0.085 Nd Nd Nd Nd Nd Nd 0.085 Nd Nd
Minthostachys mollis 0.014 0.084 0.001 0.004 0.258 0.070 0.003 0.001 0.159 2.110 × 10−6 2.589 × 10−8
Ocimum tenuiflorum 0.020 0.123 0.002 0.013 Nd Nd 0.008 0.002 0.138 Nd 7.251 × 10−8
Allium fistulosum L. 8.324 × 10−5 0.001 1.322 × 10−5 7.924 × 10−5 0.001 0.001 5.401 × 10−5 1.479 × 10−5 9.405 × 10−5 3.937 × 10−9 4.402 × 10−10
Saccharum officinalis 0.008 0.053 Nd Nd Nd Nd Nd Nd 0.053 Nd Nd

The order of the municipalities is from upstream to downstream on the Atrato River. * Carcinogenic risk. EDI+ values in (μg/kg/day). Oral reference dose (RfD) values used were: Hg = 0.16 μg/kg/day; Cd = 1.00 μg/kg/day; Pb = 3.50 μg/kg/day; and As = 0.30 μg/kg/day. The values highlighted in bold are above the established limits.