FIG. 3.

DEM inhibits the serum TNF-α response to bacterial or LPS challenge. Groups of C3HeB/FeJ mice (per group) were treated with either vehicle or DEM and then challenged i.p. 2 h later with either 5 × 10⁷ viable E. coli bacteria (A) or 100 μg of E. coli LPS (B). Blood was collected 1.5 h later, and serum TNF-α was determined by bioassay, which had a detection limit of 50 U/ml. Horizontal lines represent group means. In both panels A and B, the DEM-treated and control groups differed significantly (P < 0.01). Comparable results were obtained with CF1 mice.