FIG. 5.

Effects of DEM on IFN-γ production in response to LPS or E. coli bacteria. CF1 mice (six per group) were treated with vehicle or DEM for 2 h and then challenged i.p. with either 100 μg of E. coli LPS or 5 × 10⁷ CFU of E. coli bacteria. Serum was collected 6 h later, and IFN-γ concentrations were measured by ELISA. The dashed line represents the detection limit of this particular assay (50 pg/ml). Solid lines represent group means. Groups designated by different lowercase letters are significantly different from each other (P < 0.01). This experiment was performed a total of five times in CF1, C57BL/6, and BALB/c mice with similar results.