| α7nAChR | alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor |
| AANAT | aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase |
| AhR | aryl hydrocarbon receptor |
| ALS | amyotrophic lateral sclerosis |
| ASMT | acetylserotonin methytransferase |
| BACE1 | beta-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 |
| BBB | blood-brain barrier |
| BDNF | brain-derived neurotrophic factor |
| CYP | cytochrome P450 |
| EAAT | excitatory amino acid transporter |
| FTD | frontotemporal dementia |
| FUS | fused in sarcoma/translated in liposarcoma |
| GBH | glyphosate-based herbicides |
| H2O2 | hydrogen peroxide |
| HDAC | histone deacetylase |
| HMGB | high-mobility group box |
| IDO | indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase |
| IFN | interferon |
| KYNA | kynurenic acid |
| LPS | lipopolysaccharide |
| mGluR5 | metabotropic glutamate receptor |
| miR- | microRNA |
| MNs | motor neurons |
| Mt | mitochondria |
| NAS | N-acetylserotonin |
| NF-kB | nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells |
| NK | natural killer cell |
| NMDA | N-methyl-d-aspartate |
| NMJ | neuromuscular junction |
| Nrf2 | nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-related factor 2 |
| PDC | pyruvate dehydrogenase complex |
| PDK | pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase |
| pTDP-43 | phosphorylated transactive response DNA binding protein 43kDa |
| RAGE | receptor for advanced glycation end products |
| ROS | reactive oxygen species |
| SOD1 | Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase |
| TCA | tricarboxylic acid |
| TDO | tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase |
| TDP-43 | transactive response DNA binding protein 43kDa |
| TLR | toll-like receptor |
| TMAO | trimethylamine N-oxide |
| TNF | tumor necrosis factor |
| TPH2 | tryptophan hydroxylase 2 |
| VDAC1 | voltage-dependent anion channel |
| YKL-40 | chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1) |
| YY1 | yin yang 1 |