| IL | interleukin |
| IL-18BP | IL-18 binding protein |
| IFN | interferon |
| LPS | lipopolysaccharide |
| TNF | tumor necrosis factor |
| TLR | toll-like receptor |
| IL-1R | IL-1-receptor |
| DCs | dendritic cells |
| MCs | mast cells |
| MAPK | mitogen-activated protein kinase |
| NF-κB | nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells |
| ERK | extracellular signal-regulated kinase |
| STAT1 | signal transducer and activator of transcription |
| JNK | c-Jun N-terminal kinases |
| GM-CSF | Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor |
| M-CSF | Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor |
| MCP | Monocyte Chemotactic Protein |
| CCL12 | Chemokine C-C motif ligand 12 |
| MS | Multiple sclerosis |
| VEGFR2 | Vascular-Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 2 |
| IgE | immunoglobulin E |
| CTL | cytotoxic T lymphocytes |
| AD | atopic dermatitis |
| Treg | T regulatory cells |
| mTOR | mammalian target of rapamycin |
| NRF2 | nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 |
| ILCs | lymphoid cells |
| MITF | melanocyte inducing transcription factor |
| TSLP | thymic stromal lymphopoietin |
| SS | systemic sclerosis |
| SLE | systemic lupus erythematosus |
| BD | Behçet’s disease |