Silencing of CsTCS1 in a leaf of tea plant using the VIGS system. (A) Relative content of caffeine. WT, untreated tea cuttings; pTRV2, tea cuttings infected by pTRV1 + pTRV2 Agrobacterium; pTRV2-CsTCS1, tea cuttings infected by pTRV1 + pTRV2-CsTCS1 Agrobacterium. (B–D) The relative level of expression of CsTCS1 (B), CsSAM (C), CsTIDH (D). WT, untreated tea cuttings; pTRV2, vacuum-infiltrated with pTRV1 + pTRV2; pTRV2-CsTCS1, vacuum-infiltrated with pTRV1 + pTRV2-CsTCS1. The error bars represent the mean ± SE of the three independent experiments. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences at p < 0.05 by Duncan’s multiple range tests. SE, standard error; TRV, tobacco rattle virus; VIGS, virus-induced gene signaling.