Table 3.
Characteristics of TR program. HR = heart rate; I = individual; G = group; W = week; A = asynchronous; S = synchronous; VO2 = max oxygen consumption; EHO = event Holter.
| Study | FITT Descriptors | TR APPROACH | Technology | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model | Monitoring/ Assessment |
Decision | Feedback | |||
| [18] | Frequency: 2 sessions/W for 8 W Intensity: 40–60% HR reserve Time: 60 min Type: I, M (educational + aerobic exercise training) |
A | Y | Y | Offline | Device: HR monitor Digital content |
| [19] | Frequency: 2 sessions/W for 12 W Intensity: 9–13 score at perceived exertion scale Time: - Type: G, M (educational + exercise training) |
S | Y | Y | Online | Platform: videoconference platform Device: automatic sphygmomanometer, finger pulse oximeter Digital content |
| [20] | Frequency: 5–7 sessions/W for 15 W Intensity: 11–13 score at Borg scale Time: 30–40 min Type: I, M (education + stretching/resistance exercise training) |
A | Y | Y | Online/Offline | Device: Fitbit + smartphone Digital content |
| [21] | Frequency: 3–5 sessions/W for 8 W Intensity: 40–70% HR reserve + HR at rest Time: 20–30 min Type: I + G, M (education + aerobic/resistance exercise training) |
S | Y | Y | Online | Platform: QQ + WeChat + videoconference platform |
| [25] | Frequency: 3 sessions/W for 8 W Intensity: 40–70% HR reserve + 11 score at Borg scale Time: 45 min Type: I, M (education + psychological support + aerobic/resistance exercise training) |
A | Y | Y | Offline | Platform: Data transmission survey Device: EHO 3 device (electrocardiogram) + mobile phone |
| [22] | Frequency: 5 sessions/W for 8 W Intensity: 40–70% HR reserve + Borg scale Time: - Type: I, U (aerobic/resistance exercise training) |
A | Y | N | Offline | Platform: Data transmission survey Device: EHO 3 device (electrocardiogram) + mobile phone + blood pressure measuring + weighting machine |
| [23] | Frequency: 5 sessions/W for 8 W Intensity: 40–70% HR reserve + functional capacity at CPET Time: 10–45 min Type: I, M (aerobic/resistance exercise training + respiratory exercise training) |
A | Y | Y | Offline | Platform: Data transmission survey Device: EHO 3 device (electrocardiogram) + mobile phone |
| [24] | Frequency: 5 sessions/W for 8 W Intensity: 40–70% HR reserve + 5–10 repetitions for resistance/strength exercises + 30–60% of Pi for respiratory exercises Time: - Type: I, M (aerobic/resistance/strength exercise training + respiratory exercise training) |
A | Y | Y | Offline | Platform: Data transmission survey + monitoring platform Device: EHO 3 device (electrocardiogram) + mobile phone + blood pressure device + weighting machine |
| [26] | Frequency: 12 W Intensity: 80–85% VO2 peak followed by 40–50% VO2 peak + moderate intensity for resistance exercises Time: - Type: I, U (aerobic/resistance exercise training) |
A | Y | Y | Offline | Device: HR monitor + pedometer |
| [27] | Frequency: 12 W Intensity: HR anaerobic threshold + 30–40% repetition maximum for strength exercises Time: - Type: I, U (aerobic/strength exercise training) |
A | Y | Y | Offline | Device: HR monitor + free weights |
| [28] | Frequency: 5 sessions/W for 8 W Intensity: - Time: - Type: I, M (respiratory exercise training + strength/range-of-motion/isometric exercise training) |
A | Y | Y | Offline | Platform: Data transmission survey Device: Electrocardiogram recording monitor |