Table 1.
Clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients (n = 430).
| Characteristics | Initial AST < 657 U/L | Initial AST ≥ 657 U/L | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| No. | 215 | 215 | 430 |
| Age, year | 61.0 (41.0–72.0) | 61.0 (46.0–74.0) | 60.5 (42.8–72.3) |
| Male gender | 154 (71.6%) | 155 (72.1%) | 309 (71.9%) |
| Causes | |||
| Skeletal muscle damage | 84 (36.1%) | 149 (63.9%) | 233 (54.2%) |
| Cardiac muscle damage | 117 (69.6%) | 51 (30.4%) | 168 (39.1%) |
| Hematologic disorders | 14 (48.3%) | 15 (51.7%) | 29 (6.7%) |
| Liver cirrhosis | 5 (2.3%) | 16 (7.4%) | 21 (4.9%) |
| Diabetes | 33 (15.3%) | 25 (11.6%) | 58 (13.5%) |
| CHF | 11 (5.1%) | 10 (4.7%) | 21 (4.9%) |
| ESRD | 2 (0.9%) | 3 (1.4%) | 5 (1.2%) |
| Hepatic decompensation | 6 (2.8%) | 7 (3.3%) | 13 (3.0%) |
| Infection | 23 (10.7%) | 42 (19.5%) | 65 (15.1%) |
| Hypotension | 53 (24.7%) | 61 (28.4%) | 114 (26.5%) |
| Admission at ICU | 54 (25.1%) | 58 (27.0%) | 112 (26.0%) |
| Initial values | |||
| AST, U/L | 527.0 (477.0–579.0) | 983.0 (775.0–1473.0) | 657.0 (527.0–984.3) |
| ALT, U/L | 141.0 (101.0–219.0) | 340.0 (189.0–599.0) | 207.5 (126.8–401.8) |
| Albumin, g/dL | 3.5 (2.9–4.0) | 3.6 (3.0–4.1) | 3.5 (3.0–4.0) |
| Bilirubin, mg/dL | 1.06 (0.72–1.62) | 1.02 (0.73–1.62) | 1.03 (0.73–1.62) |
| ALP, U/L | 73.0 (58.0–97.0) | 74.0 (57.0–103.0) | 73.0 (58.0–100.0) |
| LDH, U/L | 910.0 (495.8–1197.0) | 1676.0 (973.0–2700.0) | 1148.0 (716.5–1951.0) |
| CK, U/L | 4294.0 (3276.0–14,503.0) | 9250.0 (3301.5–45,757.0) | 5646.0 (3293.8–25,000.0) |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 0.94 (0.70–1.47) | 1.20 (0.85–1.91) | 1.05 (0.76–1.63) |
| PT-INR | 1.05 (0.99–1.28) | 1.17 (1.02–1.64) | 1.11 (1.00–1.38) |
| Peak values | 168.0 (111.0–310.0) | 462.0 (250.0–927.0) | 264.0 (147.8–572.0) |
| AST, U/L | 559.0 (496.0–639.0) | 846.0 (1198.0–2253.0) | 782.0 (559.0–1400.3) |
| ALT, U/L | |||
| Bilirubin, mg/dL | 1.30 (0.88–2.50) | 1.30 (0.85–2.25) | 1.30 (0.86–2.39) |
Abbreviation: CHF, congestive heart failure; ESRD, end-stage renal disease; ICU, intensive care unit; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; ALP, Alkaline Phosphatase; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; CK, creatine kinase; PT-INR, prothrombin time-international normalized ratio. P: The Mann–Whitney U test and Chi-squared test. Data are presented as medians (interquartile range) for continuous data and as percentages for categorical data.