Table 2.
Clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients according to etiology (n = 430).
| Characteristics | Skeletal Muscle Damage | Cardiac Muscle Damage | Hematologic Disorders | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | 233 (54.2%) | 168 (39.1%) | 29 (6.7%) | |
| Age, year | 49.0 (34.0–65.5) | 66.0 (56.0–76.0) | 70.0 (58.0–79.5) | <0.001 |
| Male gender | 168 (72.1%) | 125 (74.4%) | 16 (55.2%) | 0.103 |
| Liver cirrhosis | 18 (7.7%) | 3 (1.8%) | 0 (0%) | 0.011 |
| Diabetes | 21 (9.0%) | 35 (20.8%) | 2 (6.9%) | 0.002 |
| CHF | 4 (1.7%) | 15 (8.9%) | 2 (6.9%) | 0.004 |
| ESRD | 3 (1.3%) | 2 (1.2%) | 0 (0%) | 0.830 |
| Hepatic decompensation | 7 (3.0%) | 2 (1.2%) | 4 (13.8%) | 0.001 |
| Infection | 32 (13.7%) | 19 (11.3%) | 14 (48.3%) | <0.001 |
| Hypotension | 46 (19.7%) | 54 (32.1%) | 14 (48.3%) | <0.001 |
| Admission at ICU | 37 (15.9%) | 69 (41.1%) | 6 (20.7%) | <0.001 |
| Initial values | ||||
| AST, U/L | 765.0 (562.0–1311.0) | 568.0 (502.0–711.5) | 663.0 (504.0–928.5) | <0.001 |
| ALT, U/L | 252.0 (168.0–477.0) | 139.0 (100.3–251.5) | 266.0 (146.0–501.5) | <0.001 |
| Albumin, g/dL | 3.7 (3.0–4.3) | 3.5 (3.2–3.8) | 2.9 (2.3–3.5) | <0.001 |
| Bilirubin, mg/dL | 1.00 (0.71–1.58) | 0.99 (0.73–1.42) | 2.62 (1.17–8.25) | <0.001 |
| ALP, U/L | 72.0 (57.0–97.5) | 71.0 (58.0–93.0) | 113.0 (76.5–238.5) | <0.001 |
| LDH, U/L | 1383.0 (866.5–2242.3) | 854.5 (285.3–1343.3) | 2318.0 (1143.5–2853.0) | <0.001 |
| CK, U/L | 24,000.0 (5922.5–27,750.0) | 4100.0 (2321.3–5220.3) | 71.0 (34.0–459.0) | <0.001 |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 1.03 (0.74–1.89) | 1.05 (0.76–1.50) | 1.44 (0.84–2.15) | 0.229 |
| PT-INR | 1.15 (1.00–1.39) | 1.04 (0.99–1.24) | 1.42 (1.19–1.86) | <0.001 |
| Peak values | ||||
| AST, U/L | 960.0 (619.5–1757.0) | 624.5 (518.0–821.8) | 951.0 (679.0–1300.5) | <0.001 |
| ALT, U/L | 361.0 (206.5–658.5) | 155.0 (105.5–339.5) | 345.0 (166.5–595.0) | <0.001 |
| Bilirubin, mg/dL | 1.27 (0.83–2.42) | 1.24 (0.87–1.99) | 4.28 (2.27–20.60) | <0.001 |
Abbreviation: CHF, congestive heart failure; ESRD, end-stage renal disease; ICU, intensive care unit; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; ALP, Alkaline Phosphatase; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; CK, creatine kinase; PT-INR, prothrombin time- international normalized ratio. P: The Kruskal–Wallis test and Chi-squared test. Data are presented as medians (interquartile ranges) for continuous data and as percentages for categorical data.