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. 2023 Jan 6;18(1):e0279928. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279928

Table 1. Top 20 frequently administered and significant AKI-correlated medications.

Frequently prescribed Associated with AKI
Medication Count (Frequency) Medication Pearson Coefficient
Fentanyl 297861 (0.089) Furosemide* 0.154323
Insulin 169056 (0.050) Heparin* 0.148904
Propofol 147706 (0.044) Vancomycin* 0.131278
Acetaminophen 133364 (0.040) Potasium Chloride* 0.130062
Heparin 125716 (0.038) Propofol* 0.125510
Nitroprusside 122993 (0.037) Norepinephrine* 0.124628
Pot Chloride 96114 (0.029) Albumin 0.110963
Phenylephrine 81824 (0.024) Insulin* 0.104128
Oxycodone 81693 (0.024) Piperacillin/Tazobactam Dextrose* 0.101780
Norepinephrine 81439 (0.024) Calcium Chloride 0.100198
Metoprolol 81161 (0.024) Nystatin 0.099618
Hydromorphone 71225 (0.021) Cefepime 0.095724
Furosemide 56988 (0.017) Vasopressin 0.095714
Epinephrine 53283 (0.016) Fentanyl* 0.095669
Cefazolin 50895 (0.015) Quetiapine 0.093315
Aspirin 41843 (0.012) Midazolam* 0.093260
Piperacillin/Tazobactam Dextrose 41609 (0.012) Levofloxacin/Dex 0.093146
Vancomycin 39225 (0.012) Meropenem 0.088812
Pantoprazole 36894 (0.011) Lidocaine 0.087702
Midazolam 35438 (0.011) Metoprolol* 0.086261